A Bibliography of Online Resources for the "Moko; or Maori Tattooing" Project Bibliography of Online Resources for the "Moko; or Maori Tattooing" Project [electronic resource] Samantha Callaghan Creation of machine-readable version Samantha Callaghan Conversion to TEI.2-conformant markup Samantha Callaghan Editing Edmund King New Zealand Electronic Text Centre Wellington, New Zealand Modern English, MokoBibliography

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copyright 2007, by Victoria University of Wellington

 2007 1100839 <name key="name-401185" type="work">A Bibliography of Online Resources for the "Moko; or Maori Tattooing" Project</name> Samantha Callaghan New Zealand Electronic Text Centre Wellington, New Zealand 2007

Prepared for the New Zealand Electronic Text Centre.

Some keywords in the header are a local Electronic Text Centre scheme to aid in establishing analytical groupings.

 NZETC Subject Headings Historical Māori and Pacific Islands Contemporary Māori and Pacific Islands 12:10:46, Thursday 10 April 2008Jason DarwinAddition of text to Library Catalogue 14:47:54, Tuesday 23 September 2008NZETCMake text available on NZETC website 14:22:34, Tuesday 5 May 2009Jason DarwinAddition of text to corpus14:09:19, Tuesday 4 August 2009NZETCPreparation of EPUB (and other formats such as DaisyBook)
Introduction

This bibliography has been compiled to accompany the material collected for the "Moko; or Maori Tattooing" Project. The project looked to digitise Horatio Gordon Robley's Moko; or Maori Tattooing, while also showing an awareness of the issues surrounding the digitisation of Mātauranga Māori and the online representation of ancestral remains. In addition to the Robley text, we have also digitised a number of texts that provide contexts for the practice of Ta Moko and the problem of mokamokai. Others reflect on Robley and his art.

Collected here are access points to other supplementary online resources relating to these topics. It is not intended to be a comprehensive list of online material about these topics, but instead to provide an introduction to them. For an extensive bibliography of published and unpublished material see the bibliography of Walker's thesis, Robley: Te Ropere, 1840–1930.
Ta Moko

Ta Moko refers to the practice of Māori tattooing. There is a wide variety of information available on this subject, both in print and in digital form. Historical accounts of Ta Moko were predominantly written by clergymen and ethnographers who had an interest in the Māori populations that they encountered. Contemporary material is often generated by either academics or practitioners. Occasionally, references find there way into the news, as can be seen in the news articles below.

Historical Practices and Perspectives Best, Elsdon. "Textiles, Clothing, and Ornaments." In <hi rend="i"><name key="name-204182" type="work">The Maori as He Was : A Brief Account of Maori Life as It Was in Pre-European Days</name></hi>, 219-23, 1934. Best, Elsdon. "Personal Adornment." In <hi rend="i"><name key="name-204169" type="work">The Maori — Volume 2</name></hi>, 532-57, 1941. Buchanan, Peter. "<ref target="http://www.teara.govt.nz/TheBush/NativePlantsAndFungi/Fungi/5/ENZ-Resources/Standard/4/en">Vegetable Caterpillar Fungus</ref>." Te Ara (2007). Buddle, Thomas. "Tatooing." In <hi rend="i"><name key="name-400219" type="work">The Aborigines of New Zealand: Two Lectures</name></hi>, 44-5, 1851. Cowan, James. "Moko: The Tattooing Art." In <hi rend="i"><name key="name-400378" type="work">The Maori: Yesterday and To-day</name></hi>, 136-49, 1930. Hill, H. "<ref target="http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_34/rsnz_34_00_004790.html">The Vegetable Caterpillar (Cordiceps Robertsii)</ref>." Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand (1901). Orbell, Margaret. "<ref target="http://teaohou.natlib.govt.nz/teaohou/issue/Mao43TeA/c14.html">The Maori Art of Moko</ref>." Te Ao Hou: the Maori Magazine (1963). Robley, Horatio Gordon. "<ref target="http://www.ethnomath.org/resources/robley1931.pdf">List of Mataora Patterns of Moko.</ref>" Journal of the Polynesian Society (1931). "<ref target="http://history-nz.org/maori3.html">The Māori: The Tattoo (Ta Moko).</ref>" New Zealand in History. Tregear, Edward Robert. "Tattooing." In <hi rend="i"><name key="name-204199" type="work">The Maori Race</name></hi>, 257-69, 1904.
Contemporary Practice and Usage Field, Michael. "<ref target="http://www.stuff.co.nz/4199820a11215.html">Cheeky French Steal Moko</ref>." Stuff.co.nz, Thursday 13 September 2007. Kassem, Mia. "<ref target="http://www.nzartmonthly.co.nz/kassem_001.html">Contemporary Manifestations of the Traditional Ta Moko</ref>" NZArtMonthly, March 2003. King, Michael. "<ref target="http://teaohou.natlib.govt.nz/teaohou/issue/Mao73TeA/c19.html">Moko.</ref>" Te Ao Hou: the Maori Magazine (1973). Nikora, Linda Waimarie, Mohi Rua, and Ngahuia Te Awekotuku. "<ref target="http://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/maori_psych/9/">In Your Face: Wearing Moko – Maori Facial Marking in Today’s World</ref>." Pepperell, Susan. "<ref target="http://www.stuff.co.nz/4168288a6004.html">Tainui Women Put on a Brave Face for Dame Te Ata</ref>." Waikato Times, Friday, 17 August 2007. "<ref target="http://www.tamoko.org.nz/">Ta Moko.</ref>" Ta Moko "<ref target="http://www.maoriart.org.nz/noticeboard/te_uhi/faq">Ta Moko - Faqs.</ref>" Toi Māori Aotearoa
Mokamokai

The creation of mokamokai has been documented, and the meaning behind their creation speculated upon, by many historians. This practice was sometimes laid alongside that of cannibalism, in that the decidely 'un-Christian' treatment of the dead shocked and titillated European readers. The trade in heads also caught the eye of European settlers.

McNab, Robert. "Head Collectors, 1820." In <hi rend="i"><name key="name-101200" type="work">Murihiku: A History of the South Island of New Zealand and the Islands Adjacent and Lying to the South, from 1642 to 1835</name></hi>, 230-34, 1909. Walsh, Philip. "<ref target="http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_27/rsnz_27_00_004470.html">Maori Preserved Heads</ref>." Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand (1894).

Current perspectives on mokamokai generally relate to their repatriation to New Zealand and their identification. Throughout the years, as iwi and the Government took an interest in recovering mokamokai from overseas, there have been news and journal articles relating to these efforts. Who should have custody and what should happen with the heads when they have been returned have also generated a lot of discussion.

For a comprehensive overview of mokamokai and repatriation in the media, there are two paper files (Repatriation and Repatriation of Mokamokai) available for viewing in the Te Aka Matua Library and Information Centre at Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington.

Dewan, Shaila. "<ref target="http://www.houstonpress.com/1999-08-26/news/maori-madness/1">Maori Madness</ref>." Houston Press, 26 August 1999. Easton, Paul. "<ref target="http://www.stuff.co.nz/4285888a8153.html">British Return Remains of 46 Maori to Te Papa</ref>." The Dominion Post, 24 November 2007. Hole, Brian. "<ref target="http://brianhole.com/download/hole2007_playthingsforthefoe.pdf">Playthings for the Foe: The Repatriation of Human Remains in New Zealand</ref>." Public Archaeology 6, no. 1 (2007): 5-27. "<ref target="http://www.tepapa.govt.nz/TePapa/English/AboutTePapa/CommunityRelationships/Repatriation/">Repatriation</ref>." Te Papa Tongarewa. Sciolino, Elaine. "<ref target="http://www.williams.edu/go/native/maorihead.htm">French Debate: Is Maori Head Body Part or Art?</ref>" The New York Times, 26 October 2007. "<ref target="http://www.culture.gov.uk/hr_cons_responses/wg_submission/S45.pdf">Working Group on Human Remains: Submission by the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa</ref>." Te Papa Tongarewa, 2003.
Horatio Gordon Robley

Robley's Moko book elevated him, in the eyes of historians and ethnographers, to an expert in moko and he is frequently quoted in texts about the topic. Because of his standing, his art appears in a wide range of publications and justifies his inclusion in collected biographies of artists.

Platts, Una. "Robley, Major-General Horatio Gordon 1840–1930." In <hi rend="i"><name key="name-101866" type="work">Nineteenth Century New Zealand Artists: A Guide & Handbook</name></hi>, 207-8, 1980. Robley, Horatio Gordon. "<rs key="Arc04_05DesR-fig-Arc04_05DesR108b">Typical Drawing of Moko with Detail Analysed. — Black and White. Size 11⅛″ × 8⅓″</rs>."