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Index

• Aborigines, 22.

• Absolution, 62, 73. (See also Confession.)

• Adultery, 103.

• Agriculture, 165. (See also Cordyline; Crops; Gourd; Sweet potato; Taro; Yam.)

• Agriculture rites, 171, 172, 176.

• Ahu, Maui, Hawaiki, Isles of, 18.

• Albinism, 55.

• Alphabet, Maori, 10.

• Ancestor - worship, 68. (See also Gods, fourth class.)

• Ancestral spirits, 66; conciliated, 67.

• Anklets, 211.

• Anthropometrical work, 1.

• Aokehu, the Dragon-slayer, 52. (See also Taniwha.)

• Ao Marama, The, 36.

• Aotea and Aotearoa, 22.

• “Aotea” canoe to New Zealand, 27. (See also Canoes.)

• Ara whanui a Tane, the spirit-path, 82.

• “Arawa” canoe reaches New Zealand, 27. (See also Canoes.)

• Ari, a food product of homeland, 14, 17. (See also Vrihi; Rice.)

• Ari, the Dravidian word for rice, 17. (See also Vrihi; Rice.)

• Ariki, 88. (See also Primogeniture.)

• Artistic sense of Maori, 126.

• Arts of life, 116.

• Arts of pleasure, 127; origin of, 128. (See also Games.)

• Astronomical knowledge of Maori, 125. (See also Moon; Stars; Sun.)

• Atahu rite, 102 (See also Courtship.)

• Atua Kahu, cacodemons, 64. (See also Gods.)

• Atua, the term a widely embracing one, 67. (See also Gods.)

• Awarua o Porirua, a taniwha, 53. (See also Taniwha.)

• Awe, the refined soul of man, 80. (See also Soul; Wairua.)

• Babylonian myths, 43, 65, 66. (See also Sin; Sina.)

• Bait, fishing, 257. (See also Fishing.)

• Balista employed in tree-felling, 119, 120.

• Baptismal rite, 101. (See also Tohi.)

• Bark cloth, 192; made in New Zealand, 193.

• Baskets, 205.

• Baskets of knowledge, 37, 38. (See also Tane; Knowledge.)

• Belts, 201.

• Berries and seeds eaten, 191.

• Betrothal, 101. (See also Courtship; Marriage.)

• Bird-snares, 182.

• Birds employed in rites, 84, 102.

• Birds, how taken, 181.

• Birth customs, 99. (See also Baptismal rite; Tohi.)

• Bull-roarer, 153.

• Burdens, how carried, 112.

• Burial, 108; trussed burial, 107. (See also Exhumation.)

• Caesarian operation, 52. (See also Birth.)

• Cannibalism, 89, 103.

• Canoe-lashing methods, 28.

• Canoe-sails, 30.

• Canoes. (See also Outrigger)—
    Mouriuri immigrants, 22.
    New Zealand, 30.
    Polynesian voyagers, 28.
    To New Zealand. (See also “Aotea”; “Arawa”; “Kahutara”; “Kurahaupo”; “Matahorua”; “Matatua”; “Tainui”; “Takitumu”; “Taikoria”; “Okoki”; “Tawirirangi.”)

• Carving. (See also Wood-carving.)

• Cat's-cradle, 133.

• Character of Maori, 8, 9, 10, 58, 96. (See also Fatalism.)

• Charms pertained to all activities, 72.

• Chatham Islands, discovery of, 25.

• Chiefs, influence of, 90.

• Childless women nursed dolls, 100.

• Children dedicated to Supreme Being 73.

• Children, how carried, 114.

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• Children of Light, 36. (See also Stars.)

• Civil law, substitutes for, 83, 86, 87. (See also Tapu.)

• Cloak-pins, 199.

• Clothing, 192. (See also European; Garments; Belts; Weaving.)

• Coconut, Name of, retained by Maori, 145.

• Combs, 208.

• Conception caused by magic, 54, 100; by stones and trees, 54.

• Confession, immersion, and absolution, 62, 73, 106.

• Conscription unknown, 90, 91.

• Cooking, 94, 96.

• Cooking-sheds, 238.

• Cordage, 208.

• Cordyline as a food product, 178.

• Cosmogonic genealogies, 33, 34, 41.

• Cosmogonic myths, 33, 41.

• Counting. (See also Enumeration.)

• Courtship, 102. (See also Betrothal; Atahu.)

• Covering mouth, a curious usage, 112.

• Craniology, Maori, 4.

• Crayfish, how taken, 265.

• Crescent symbol, 66, 169.

• Crocodile, name of, preserved by Maori, 50. (See also Moko.)

• Crops, care of, 168, 176. (See also Agriculture.)

• Culture differed in different areas, 93.

• Dancing. (See also Haka; poi; Posture; War.)

• Dart-throwing, 132.

• Dawn Maid, 39; protects souls of dead, 39, 40, 82.

• Death avenged by swinging, 131.
    Customs, 104. (See also Burial; Exhumation; Mourning.)
    Lying in state, 107.
    Origin of, 104. (See also Whiro.)

• Death-journey food, 105.

• Decorative art, 126.

• Decorative work in houses, 232. (See also Wood-carving.)

• Demon lore, 50, 53. (See also Tipua; Taniwha.)

• Demoniacal possession, 67.

• Diction, mode of, 13. (See also Oratory.)

• Digging, singular method of, 174.

• Digging-stick, use of, 171, 174.

• Disease, treatment of, 67. (See also Medical science; Sick; Sickness.)

• Divination, 60, 145. (See also Seers.)

• Divorce, 103.

• Domestic life, 91.

• Draughts, the game of, 137, 138.

• Dreams are ominous, 59.

• Drill, Maori form of, 117.

• Dwelling-huts, 225, 227. (See also Houses.)

• Dyes, 196.

• Earth Mother, 34, 41; grief of, 35; offspring of, 35, 41.

• Eel, phallic, 44, 45. (See also Phallic serpent.)

• Eel-pots, 260, 262.

• Eel-weirs, 258.

• Eels, how taken, 258.

• Elements personified, 41. (See also Personifications.)

• Enchanted trees, &c., 53.

• Enumeration, 120.

• Epidemics, 6.

• Eponymic ancestors, 89.

• European garments, how worn, 200.

• Evil spirits, 67; how exorcised, 67. (See also Atua.)

• Evolutionary myths, 33.

• Exhumation, 107. (See also Burial.)

• Fables, 56. (See also Folk-lore.)

• Face-painting, 219.

• Fair type of natives, 3. (See also Urukehu.)

• Fairies, forest-folk, 54, 55.

• Family group was social unit, 88. (See also Whanau.)

• Family life almost unknown, 92.

• Farewelling dying folk, 107. (See also Soul.)

• Fatalism a Maori characteristic, 5.

• Feasts, 99, 128; ceremonial, 73, 249.

• Features of Maori, 6.

• Female element, search for, 38. (See also Ira tangata.)

• Female titles, 89. (See also Tapairu; Kahurangi; Mareikura.)

• Filiation, 93.

• Fire Children, 44.

• Fire-generation, 116. (See also Hine-Kaikomako.)

• Fire, origin of, 44. (See also Mahuika.)

• Fires, sacred, 73.

• Fireless folk of far lands, 52, 56.

• Firstfruits, 191; offerings of, 69. (See also Offerings.)

• Fish-hooks, 255; trolling, 257.

• Fish-spears, 258.

• Fishing, 242.

• Fishing-grounds, 253.

• Fishing-implements, 253.

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• Fishing-line, 252.

• Fishing-nets, 243, 244, 247, 249, 251.

• Floor-mats, 207.

• Flutes, 153. (See also Musical instruments.)

• Folk-lore, 49, 58. (See also Fables; Mountain lore; Patu-paiarehe; River myths; Taniwha; Tipua; Ruarangi.)

• Folk-tales introduced, 50.

• Food plants, cultivated, 166. (See also Cordyline; Gourd; Sweet potato; Taro; Yam.)

• Forest lore, 180.

• Fortified hills, 239.

• Fortified villages, 163, 239. (See also Villages.)

• Fountain of youth, 37. (See also Waiora a Tane.)

• Gait of Maori, 112.

• Games and pastimes, 127. (See also Hoops; Kite-flying; Matimati; Mu; Skipping; Stilts; String games; Swings; Toboggan; Tops; Toys; Water games.

• Games as military training, 129.

• Games, introduced, 129. (See also Draughts.)

• Garments, 195. (See also Clothing.)

• Garments, how worn, 196. (See also European garments.)

• Gestures, 13, 114.

• Gods. (See also Atua; Media; Io; Tane; Rongo; Whiro; Uru; Tangaroa; Tu.)
    Classification of, 63.
    Departmental, 63, 64, 65. (See also Primal offspring.)
    Favour of, highly necessary, 68.
    Fourth class, 64, 66.
    Functions of, 68.
    Of Maori, 32.
    Offerings to, 66, 69.
    Second class, 63.
    Third class, 64, 66.
    War, 64.

• Golden Path of Tane, 82.

• Gongs, 153.

• Gourd-plant, 178.

• Grayling, how taken, 265. (See also Fishing.)

• Greenstone myths, 49.

• Greenstone pendants, 212. (See also Ornaments.)

• Greetings, 114.

• Hair of Maori, 6. (See also Urukehu.)

• Hair employed in rites, 69.

• Hair, how worn, 208.

• Haka, 134; origin of, 136. (See also Dancing.)

• Hau, or vital aura, 80.

• Hawaiki-te-varinga, 17.

• Hawaiki-nui house or temple, 17.

• Hina and Maui, 43, 44, 169.

• Hina and Rongo are one, 47.

• Hina and the moon, 43, 44, 46, 65.

• Hina-te-iwaiwa, 65.

• Hine-kaikomako, the Fire-conserver, 44. (See also Fire; Mahuika.)

• Hine-nui-te-Po of underworld, 39.

• Hine-poupou swims Cook Strait, 51.

• Hine-te-iwaiwa, 100.

• Hine-titama, the Dawn Maid, 39. (See also Dawn Maid.)

• Hine-wai, the Rain Maid, 45. (See also Ihorangi.)

• History concealed in myths, 42.

• Homeland of Maori, 14, 17. (See also Hawaiki; Irihia; Vrihia; Uru.)

• Hoops, a pre-European toy, 143.

• Hospitality, 8.

• Houses, 224.
    Comfortless, 112.
    Construction of, 227.
    Decorative work in, 232, 235.
    Semi-subterranean, 227.
    Whare whakanoho, 228.

• Human sacrifice, 69.

• Hypnotism, 76.

• Idols: True idols unknown, 70.

• Ihorangi, Te, personified form of rain, 35. (See also Hine-wai.)

• Images, 66, 70, 169, 176.

• Immersion in rites, 73, 106.

• Implements, 120; agricultural, 168.

• Intoning, love of, 13.

• Io, the Supreme Being, 32, 33, 41, 63.
    And Jehovah, 64, 65.
    As a demiurge, 33.
    Cult of, 61, 62, 63, 64.

• Io-matua (Io the Parent), 40.

• Ira, the eel-god, 45. (See also Phallic eel.)

• Ira atua (supernatural life), 38, 41.

• Ira tangata (mortal life), 38.

• Irihia, Land of, 14, 17. (See also Vrihia.)
    Ancestors of Maori migrate from 17.
    Mountain, 16.

• Jade door, the, 162.

• Jew's-harp, 154.

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• Kahurangi a female title, 89.

• “Kahutara” canoe of Mouriuri folk reaches Taranaki, 22.

• Kaiwhakaruaki (taniwha), 50. (See also Taniwha.)

• Kāpū-te-rangi pa, 25.

• Karakia. (See Charms.)

• Kite-flying, 139.

• Kiwa, 35.

• Knowledge—
    How preserved, 74, 77. (See also Whare-kura; Whare-wananga.)
    Personified, 42. (See also Rua.)
    Three “baskets” of, 37. (See also Tane.)

• Kouratahi of Irihia, 16.

• Ku, a primitive stringed instrument, 155.

• Kumara. (See also Sweet potato.)

• Kupe reaches New Zealand, 21. (See also “Matahorua.”)

• “Kurahaupo” canoe reaches New Zealand, 25. (See also Whatonga.)

• Kurawha the Amazon, 130.

• Kuri nui a Meko, taniwha of Waikare Moana, 50.

• Labour, division of, 91. (See also Men; Women.)

• Lamprey-weir, 262, 263, 264.

• Language, 10. (See also Alphabet; Vocabulary.)

• Life principle, a curious belief, 80, 83. (See also Mauri.)

• Light, origin of, 35, 36. (See also Tane.)

• Light versus Darkness contest, 36, 43. (See also Tane versus Whiro.)

• Lizard in carving, 234. (See also Moko.)

• Lizard represents Whiro, 104.

• Lobster-pots, 265.

• Love charms, 102.

• Luck post, 190.

• Lustral rites, 73, 106. (See also Immersion.)

• Magic, 76, 100; white, 181.

• Magical formulæ, 72.

• Mahuika and Maui, 44. (See also Fire.)

• Maikinui personifies disease, 36.

• Manaia design in carving, 233. (See also Wood-carving.)

• Manaia the Polynesian voyager reaches New Zealand, 27.

• Manners, social, 90, 91.

• Maori a mixed people, 2, 3.

• Maori and Mouriuri intermarry, 27, 28; at war, 27.

• Maori voyagers, 14, 21. (See also Polynesian voyagers; Voyagers.)

• Mareikura, a female title, 89.

• Mareikura of heavens welcome spirits of dead, 40.

• Marriage, 101; by capture, 102. (See also Courtship; Polygamy.)

• Maruiwi or Mouriuri folk, 22.

• “Matahorua”, canoe of Kupe the voyager, 21.

• Mataora descends to underworld, 47.

• “Matatua” canoe reaches New Zealand, 27.

• Maternal love, origin of, 36.

• Matimati, game of, 133.

• Mats, floor, 207.

• Maui and fire, 44.

• Maui and Hina, 43.

• Maui and Hine-nui-te-Po, 44.

• Maui and Mahuika, 44.

• Maui and Tuna, 44. (See also Phallic eel.)

• Maui, moui, and mauri, 43, 80.

• Maui myths, 43.

• Mauri, a life principle, 43, 80.

• Mauri, material, 80.

• Mauri of fish, 253.

• Meals, 93.

• Measurement, system of, 123.

• Mechanical devices, 229. (See also Balista; Drill.)

• Media of gods, 66, 68.

• Medical science unknown, 126.

• Melanesian element in New Zealand, 2.

• Memorizing powers of Maori, 8.

• Men, tasks of, 92. (See also Labour.)

• Mentality of Maori, 8, 58, 59.

• Military service universal, 90, 91.

• Mist Maid and the rainbow, 45.

• Moko = lizard, crocodile, taniwha, 50.

• Moon-god of agriculture, 169. (See also Hina; Rona; Rongo; Sin.)

• Mountain lore, 57.

• Mouriuri folk reach New Zealand, 22; characteristics of, 24; attacked by Maori, 27.

• Mouriuri refugees to Maungapohatu, 27; settle at Chatham Islands, 27.

• Mourning, 107. (See also Death customs.)

• Muru, custom of, 103.

• Muru, fines collected by violent methods, 87.

• Musical instruments, 148. (See also Flutes; Gongs; Whistles.)

• Muskets bought with slaves, 89.

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• Mussel-dredge, 265, 266.

• Mu torere, game of, 137.

• Myth and history, 42.

• Myth and religion commingled, 32.

• Myth and religion and magic commingled, 63.

• Myths, 32, 171, 172.
    Cosmogonic, 33, 41.
    Two aspects of, 33.
    Understanding of, 42.

• Mythopoetic concepts, 42.

• Names changed at death of relative, 105.

• Nature myths, 41, 42. (See also Elements; Hine-titama; Hinewai; Ihorangi.)

• Nest-house, or lying-in hut, 100. (See also Birth.)

• Net, ceremony connected with new, 249, 250.

• Net-making a tapu task, 247, 249, 251.

• Nets, funnel-shaped, 244. (See also Fishing.)

• Ngahue and greenstone, 49.

• Ngahue and Kupe reach New Zealand, 21.

• Ngake, alias Ngahue, 21.

• Ngana, 35. (See also Uru-te-ngangana.)

• Ngarara-huarau, a fabulous monster, 51. (See also Taniwha.)

• Niwareka and Mataora, 47. (See also Mataora.)

• Nomenclature, consanguineous, 91.

• Nose-flattening, 211.

• Nose-flutes, 153.

• Nose-ornament, 211.

• Nudity essential in rites, 74.

• Nuku reaches New Zealand, 27.

• Obesity a modern condition, 4.

• Offerings waved to gods, 69.

• Ogres, 57. (See also Taniwha.)

• Oil of titoki, how obtained, 191.

• Oils, 218.

• “Okoki” canoe reaches New Zealand, 22. (See also Canoes of Mouriuri.)

• Omens, 59, 60, 156, 248.

• Oracular utterances, 74. (See also Seers.)

• Oratory, 148. (See also Diction.)

• Origin of—
    Fire, 44. (See also Fire; Hine-Kaikomako; Mahuika.)
    Plant-life, 38.
    Rainbow, 45.
    Woman, 38, 39.

• Ornaments, 209, 211. (See also Greenstone; Pendants; Personal adornment.)

• Osteology of Maori, 3.

• Outrigger canoes of homeland, 18.

• Pa, fortified villages, 239. (See also Villages.)

• Paints, 235.

• Pani and Rongomaui, 172.

• Pataka, or storehouses, 240.

• Patu-paiarehe, mythical creatures, 55.

• Peace-making, 162.

• Pendants, 212.

• Personal adornment, 208.

• Personal property, 89.

• Personification, Maori genius for, 41, 42. (See also Elements; Dawn Maid; Ihorangi.)

• Personifications, 34, 35, 36, 41, 42, 44, 64, 65, 66.

• Phallic eel, 44, 45.

• Phallic serpent, 73.

• Phormium fibre, preparation of, 195.

• Phormium plant, varieties of, 199.

• Physical attributes of Maori, 1, 4.

• Pits, storage, 242. (See also Store-houses.)

• Plaits, 208.

• Platforms, elevated, 242.

• Pleiades festival, 128.

• Pleiades year, 125.

• Plundering, disciplinary, 87.

• Po, the, 34.

• Poi “dance,” 136.

• Polygamy, 104.

• Polynesian communities in Melanesia, 18.

• Polynesian voyagers, 21, 30. (See also Maori voyagers; Voyagers.)

• Polynesian voyagers land at Paekakariki, 27.

• Polynesians leave homeland of Irihia, 17.

• Polynesians reach New Zealand, 25. (See also Canoes.)

• Post mortem punishment of human soul unknown, 40.

• Postures, 112.

• Posture dances, 134, 136.

• Priestly experts, 73.

• Primal offspring of Sky and Earth, 35, 41.

• Primitive arts, 94, 116.

• Primogeniture, importance of, 88. (See also Ariki.)

• Property, 89.

• Proverbs, aphorisms, &c., 16, 53, 182, 186, 187, 262, 269.

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• Public discussion an important usage, 90.

• Public opinion a powerful force, 90.

• Puhi-rangirangi immigrants to Irihia, 14.

• Punctilios, 13.

• Rahui, a peculiar usage, 190.

• Raiding expeditions, 156.

• Rainbow, origin of, 45.

• Rangatira class, 88.

• Rangi and Papa (Sky and Earth), 34, 41.

• Ra ririki, the “little suns,” 37. (See also Stars.)

• Rarohenga, the underworld, 36, 40, 47.

• Rats, native, 189; how taken, 189.

• Religion—
    Aspect of, 70.
    Development of, 62.
    Entered into all activities, 62.

• Religious beliefs, 61.

• Religious ceremonies, 73, &c.

• Repositories of tribal lore, 33. (See also Whare wananga.)

• Revenge, spirit of, 156.

• Rhyme unknown in song, 147.

• Rice known to ancestors of Maori, 17, 166. (See also Ari; Vrihi.)

• Ritual formulae, 70; intoned, 72.

• River myths, 58.

• Rona and the moon, 47.

• Rongo, 35, 65, 66; and the moon, 43, 47. (See also Hina; Sin.)

• Rongo-ma-Tane, 65, 66.

• Rongo-motu, 169.

• Rongokako returns to Polynesia, 27.

• Rua personifies knowledge, 42, 234.

• Ruarangi and the fairy-man, 54, 55.

• Rua-toia and Rua-kumea, 39.

• Seafarers, Maori folk as, 14, 21.

• Seasons, 182.

• Seers, 83, 157.

• Senses of Maori, 6.

• Settlement of New Zealand, 22.

• School of Learning, 77.

• Scott on Maori osteology, 3.

• Shamanism, 74.

• Sick, treatment of, 106, 126.

• Sickness, 105. (See also Epidemics; Medical science.)

• Sin and Sina represent moon, 43, 65. (See also Hina.)

• Skipping, 142.

• Sky Parent and Earth Mother, 34, 41; separated, 35.

• Slaves, 89: bartered for muskets, 89.

• Social behaviour, 90.

• Social classes, 87.

• Social conditions, 93.

• Social meetings, 91.

• Social pleasures, 129.

• Social unit, 88.

• Social usages, 13, 86.

• Soils, 168.

• Somes and Ward Islands named by Kupe, 22.

• Songs and singing, 147. (See also Intoning.)

• Soul of man, 79. (See also Awe.)
    Despatched to spirit-world, 81, 106.
    How it fares to spirit-world, 82.
    Not punished in spirit-world, 40.
    Purification of, 80.

• South Island lore lost, 24, 28.

• South Island a refuge for broken tribes, 28.

• Spirit-path, 82.

• Spirit-world, 104. (See also Rarohenga.)
    A desirable place, 48.
    Celestial, 40.
    Life in, 81.
    Subterranean, 39, 40.

• Spirit-worlds, two, 39, 40, 41, 62.

• Spiritual concepts, 79. (See also Awe; Hau; Mauri; Soul; Wairua.)

• Spiritual life, 81. (See also Spirit-world.)

• Spiritual sight, 83. (See also Seers.)

• Stars, Maori knowledge of, 125.

• Stature of Maori, 4.

• Stilt-walking, 142.

• Stones and trees cause conception, 54.

• Stone spools of unknown use, 218.

• Storage pits, 176, 178, 242.

• Storehouses, 239.

• Story-telling, 139.

• String games, 133.

• Summer Maid, the, 46.

• Sun, two wives of, 46

• Superstition, 59.

• Supreme Being, 32, 33, 63, 48. (See also Io.)

• Sweet potato, origin of, 172.

• Sweet-potato crop, storage of, 176.

• Swimming, 130.

• Swings, 131, 142.

• “Taikoria” canoe reaches New Zealand, 22.

• “Tainui” canoe reaches New Zealand, 27.

• Taiwhetuki, the House of Death, 36, 78.

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• “Takitumu” canoe reaches New Zealand, 27.

• Tamaahua returns to Polynesia, 27.

• Tane, 35, 36, 65.
    As a demiurge, 39.
    Assailed by hordes of Whiro, 38.
    Brings light into world, 36.

• Tane-i-te-hiringa, 37.
    Obtains three “baskets” of knowledge, 37.

• Tane-te-waiora, 36, 37.

• Tane-te-wananga, 37.
    The fertilizer, 38, 65.
    Versus Whiro contest, 36.

• Tangaroa, 35, 65.

• Taniwha, 50, 52, 53; how destroyed, 51.

• Tapairu, a female title, 89.

• Tapu, 82, 90, 99, 101, 104, 105, 108.
    Of crops, 173.
    Of esoteric lore, 33.
    Of net-making, 247.
    Of weaving, 195.
    Removal of, 84.
    Represented laws, 83.

• Taro, cultivation of, 178.

• Tattooing, 219.
    Implements, 222.
    Origin of, 192, 223. (See also Uetonga.)

• Taua muru (Disciplinary plundering), 103.

• Taupo mountains migrate, 57.

• Tawhirimatea, 35, 65.

• Tawhitinui, Polynesian sojourn at, 18.

• Tawhitiroa, Polynesian sojourn at, 18.

• “Tawirirangi” canoe reaches New Zealand, 22.

• Temples unknown, 76. (See also Tuahu.)

• Teeth of Maori, 4, 6.

• Textiles, 192. (See also Clothing; Cordage; Garments; Weaving.)

• Tiki pendant, 215.

• Timber - working, 238. (See also Balista.)

• Time, division of, 124. (See also Year.)

• Ti para, a cultivated Cordyline, 179.

• Tipua, or demons, 53.

• Toboggan, 142.

• Tohi rite over infant, 100, 101.

• Tohi taua rite over fighting-men, 162.

• Tohunga (priestly experts), 33, 73; functions of, 74.

• Toi discovers Chatham Islands, 25; reaches New Zealand, 22, 25; settles at Whakatane, 25; visits Samoan Group, 25; visits Rarotonga, 25.

• Toi tribes, 28.

• Toiora (spiritual welfare), 39.

• Tongan voyagers reach Melanesia, 30.

• Tools, 120.

• Top-spinning, 142.

• Toys, 144, 145. (See also Hoops; Kites; Top.)

• Traditional history, 14.

• Transmigration, 52.

• Tree-climbing, 130, 190.

• Tree-dwellings, 241.

• Tree-felling device, 119.

• Trees, origin of, 38.

• Tribal organization, 89. (See also Whanau.)

• Tu, the war-god, 35, 65.

• Tuahu (sacred places), 77. (See also Temples.)

• Tumoana returns to Polynesia, 27.

• Tuna slain by Maui, 44.

• Tu-te-rangiatea visits land of Irihia, 14.

• Tutu berries, how prepared, 191.

• Twelve heavens, 38.

• Uenuku and the Mist Maid, 45.

• Uetonga, the tattoo artist of Rarohenga, 47.

• Underworld. (See Rarohenga.)

• Upokororo (grayling), how taken, 265.

• Uru, Land of, 14, 17. (See also Hawaiki; Irihia.)

• Urukehu, or fair-haired type of Maori, 3.

• Uru-te-ngangana, 35. (See also Ngana.)

• Uruuru-whenua rite, 53, 191.

• Ventriloquism, 74.

• Vessels, domestic, 96.

• Vessels of Polynesian voyagers, 28. (See also Canoes.)

• Villages, fortified, 163, 239.

• Villages, large, 94.

• Vocabulary of Maori tongue a copious one, 13. (See also Language.)

• Vowel quantities in Maori, importance of, 10, 11. (See also Language.)

• Voyages of Polynesians. (See also Polynesian voyagers.)

• Voyagers return to Polynesia, 27.

• Vrihi rice, 17. (See also Ari.)

• Vrihia, a Sanscrit name for India, 17. (See also Irihia.)

• Waikato and Rangitane race to sea, 58.

• Waiora and vaiora, 37.

  page 280

• Waiora a Tane, 37.

• Wairua, or soul, 3. (See also Awe; Soul.)

• Wai tapu (sacred waters), 77.

• War customs, 155.

• War-dance, 162.

• War-gods, 155.

• Water-games, 130.

• Water mirrors, 218.

• Weapons, 157; missile, 158.

• Weaving—
    Materials employed, 193, 201.
    Origin of, 192.
    Process a crude one, 193.

• Wellington Harbour, discovery of, 22.

• Wellington, Polynesian voyagers sojourn at, 22.

• Whanau, or family group, 88.

• Whare kura (house of learning), 78.

• Whare mata, 182.

• Whare tapere (the arts of pleasure), 129.

• Whare wananga (house of learning), 77.

• Whatonga of Kurahaupo, 25. (See also Kurahaupo.)

• Whatonga finds Toi at Whakatane, 27.

• Whiro, 35, 65, 67, 78; assails souls of dead, 39, 40, 82; represents evil and death, 104, &c. (see also Lizard); retires to underworld, 36.

• Whistles, 153.

• Wind Children attack Whiro, 38.

• Winter Maid, the, 46.

• Woman origin of, 38, 39.

• Woman produced from Earth Mother, 38, 39.

• Women, status of, 93; tasks of, 92. (See also Labour.)

• Wood-carving, 232.

• Woodcraft, 180.

• Worship of gods unknown, 68.

• Yam, cultivation of, 178.

• Year, commencement of Maori, 125.

• Year, Pleiades, 125.