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Acknowledgements

One of the aims of this thesis is to show how writing history is not simply an individual activity. In this respect this thesis is no different from the works it studies. A lot of people have contributed to it. My primary debts are to Deborah Montgomerie and Raewyn Dalziel. They have been exemplary supervisors, diligent, provocative, and complementary.

Jock Phillips, David Colquhoun and Rachel Barrowman have shared their unpublished work with me and made helpful comments on various chapters. Tim Beaglehole lent me some of his father's papers and commented on a draft of chapter five. Peter Gibbons and Malcolm MacKinnon have given me information from their own research. I have benefited much from discussions with Mary Paul and Alex Calder.

I would also like to thank the History Department of the University of Auckland, for tutoring work that has supported me and greatly improved my knowledge of the nineteenth-century history that my subjects were writing about. In the department, Judith Bassett, Barbara Batt, Caroline Daley, Diana Holmes, Hugh Laracy, Barry Reay, Philip Rousseau and Nisha Saheed have all helped me with my thesis. I am grateful to the Historical Branch of the Department of Internal Affairs for a research apprenticeship that enabled me to do more archival research than would otherwise have been possible, and for the people I met there. I also want to thank the staff of the Alexander Turnbull Library, Manuscripts and Archives Section; the staff of the University of Auckland Library, especially the Interloans and New Zealand and Pacific Departments; and Kathleen Coleridge of the J. C. Beaglehole Room at the Victoria University of Wellington Library.

Finally, I want to thank my friends, family and flatmates. They have helped me with proofreading, given me a place to stay in Wellington, talked about history with me, and looked after me in a lot of other ways. I wish to thank especially Lisa Bailey, Christine Berry, David Bowden, Vivien Fergusson, Raewyn Glynn, Sarah Graham, Anne Hilliard, Maxine Iversen, Susan McClennan, Matthew Melvin, Matthew Russell, Damon Salesa and Grace Smit.