Report on the Geology & Gold Fields of Otago
Contents
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Contents.
Part I.—Geology. | |
Page. | |
Introduction | 1 |
Section I.—Physical Geography | 5 |
General description; Sounds; Lakes; Rivers; Plains, Mountains; Coast Line; comparison between the New Zealand and Swiss Alps; peculiarities in the Physical geography of Otago. | |
Section II.—Previous Observers | 12 |
Section III.—General Geological Structure | 23 |
Sedimentary rocks; volcanic rocks; relation between the form of the ground and geological structure; table of formations; most important points in the geology of Otago. | |
Section IV.—Descriptive Geology | 27 |
Manipori Formation, p. 27.—Distribution; rocks; position of strata; thickness; age; eruptive rocks; minerals; nomenclature. | |
Wanaka Formation, p. 29.—Distribution; rocks; corrugations; position of strata; foliation; relation to underlying formation; thickness; eruptive rocks; minerals; nomenclature. | |
Kakanui Formation, p. 32.—Distribution; rocks; position of strata; relation to underlying formation; thickness; fossils; eruptive rocks; minerals; nomenclature. | |
Kaikoura Formation, p. 34.—Distribution; rocks; position of strata; relation to underlying formation; metamorphic action; thickness; age; fossils; contemporaneous eruptive rocks; minerals; thickness. | |
Maitai Formation, p. 37.—Distribution; rocks; position of strata; relation to underlying formation; thickness; fossils; age; contemporaneous eruptive rocks; nomenclature. | |
Putataka Formation, p. 42.—Distribution; rocks; position of strata; relation to underlying formation; thickness; fossils; age; nomenclature. | |
Waipara Formation, p. 44.—Horse Range; rocks; position of strata; fossils; thickness; Mount Hamilton; rocks; position of strata; fossils; relation to underlying formation; age; nomenclature. | page iv |
Oamaru Formation, p. 46.—Oamaru and Waitaki; Otepopo; Shag Valley; Dunedin; Tokomairiro and Kaitangata; Lake Wakatipu; Blue Spur; Southland; Preservation Inlet; relation to underlying formation; thickness; fossils; age; contemporaneous eruptive rocks; Oamaru; Dunedin; North of Blueskin; South of Dunedin; nomenclature. | |
Pareora, Formation, p. 57.—Distribution; rocks; position of strata; relation to underlying formation; thickness; fossils; age; contemporaneous eruptive rocks; nomenclature. | |
Ancient Glacier Deposits, p. 62. | |
Wanganui Formation, p. 64. | |
Pleistocene Deposits, p. 67.—Newer glacier deposits; West Coast Sounds; Waiau Valley; Wakatipu Valley; Clutha Valley; Dunedin; shore deposits; older river deposits. | |
Recent Deposits, p. 73. | |
Section V., Historical Geology | 74 |
Eozoic and palaeozoic eras; mesozoic era; cainozoic era; glacier period. | |
Section VI.—Surface Geology | 86 |
Origin of the Otago Lakes; Valley of the Waitaki; Valley of the Shag River; old lake basins of the interior; Valley of the Upper Clutha; Lake Wakatipu district; Tuapeka district; Lower Taieri and Tokomairiro district; summary. | |
Section VII.—Economic Geology | 95 |
Agricultural geology; coal; peat; lignite: brown coal; coal mining; bituminous coal; coal fields; Shag Point: Green Island and Saddle Hill; Clutha and [unclear: Tokomairiro]; Wairaki; Orepuki; Preservation Inlet; bituminous shale; roofing slate; flagstones; building stones; materials capable of being polished; lime; materials for pottery, glass, &c.; grinding and polishing materials; gold; iron ores; copper ores; antimony ores; tungstate of lime; alum; retinite; water supply. | |
Appendix A. Bibliography | 121 |
Appendix B. Minerals of Otago | 125 |
Appendix C. Fauna of Otago | 128 |
Appendix D. Altitudes of places in Otago | 140 |
Appendix E. Analyses of rocks and minerals | 146 |
Part II.—Gold Fields. | |
Introduction | 155 |
Auriferous Reefs | 156 |
General geological observations; grouping of the reefs; modes of opening and exploitation of the reefs; chances of prospecting for new auriferous reefs; crushing machinery and gold-saving appliances. | page v |
Auriferous Drifts | 180 |
Newer drift; older drift. | |
Other Minerals | 184 |
Copper ore; grey antimony; cinnabar; brown coal. | |
Appendix 1. Saddle Hill. Reef | 191 |
Appendix 2. Canada Reef, Tokomairiro | 193 |
Appendix 3. Gabriel’s Gully Reef | 195 |
Appendix 4. Waipori Reef | 197 |
Appendix 5. Conroy’s Gully Reef | 200 |
Appendix 6. Bendigo Reefs | 201 |
Appendix 7. Carrick Range Reefs | 210 |
Appendix 8. Arrow Reefs | 220 |
Appendix 9. Skipper’s Creek Reefs | 223 |
Appendix 10. Rough Ridge Reefs | 229 |
Appendix 11. Macraes Flat Reefs | 232 |
Appendix 12. Shag Valley Reefs | 233 |
Appendix 13. Notes on the German Step Furnace | 235 |
Errata.—Index of Localities; General Index. |