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Ngā Tohuwhenua Mai Te Rangi: A New Zealand Archeology in Aerial Photographs
Chapter 6: Nineteenth-century Fortifications
Chapter 6: Nineteenth-century Fortifications
1 Belich (1986: 291-310).
2 Belich (1986: 113-116).
3 Bowden (1991: 14-22).
4 Catton (1966: 166-167).
5 Buist (1968: 166).
6 Sorrenson (1981: 174,184).
7 Chandler (1974:128 and elsewhere); Catton (1966:166-167); Pugsley (1991, pers. comm.).
8 S.P. Smith (1910a: 470-476).
9 S.P. Smith (1910a, b).
10 S.P. Smith (1910a: 224-238); Phillips (1989:176-178); Kelly (1949: 356-367).
11 For example, in Hawke's Bay by Blake-Palmer (1947).
12 Narratives of the various campaigns are in Cowan (1983); Belich (1986).
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13 Sorrenson (1981: 182). The general chronology is Bay of Islands (muskets, 1845), Crimean War (first extensive use of rifles by infantry, 1853-1856) (Bowden, 1991), the Waikato campaigns (1861-1863), and the American Civil War (1861-1865) in which there was extensive use of rifles and rifle trenches.
14 Plans in Cowan (1983, Vol. 1: 34-87).
15 Cowan (1983, Vol. 1: 340-349).
16 Cowan (1983, Vol. 1: 342).
17 Cowan (1983, Vol. 1: 146-149).
18 See the map by Captain E. Brooke, R.E. (Alexander Turnbull Library negative number F29376/1/2); also a sketch corrected by Cowan (1983: Vol. 1, 343) from Brooke.
19 Brooke probably made a circuit of the defences, perhaps using a compass, and failed to close his survey line by some distance.
20 Newman (1988: 124-126).
21 Smart (1961); a qualified view is O. Wilson (1961).