Title: Henry Lawson Among Maoris

Author: William H. Pearson

Publication details: Reed Publishing (NZ) Ltd, 1968, Wellington

Digital publication kindly authorised by: Paul Millar

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Henry Lawson Among Maoris

References

page 189

References

Introduction

11. 'A Daughter of Maoriland', SHL, i, 401.
22. Ibid., 403.

1 'They Call that Man a "White Man"'

11. 'Coming Across', N.Z. Mail, 15 December 1893, p. 23; SHL, i, 212.
22. Gertrude O'Connor, Family History of the Lawsons, p. 38.
33. 'The Golden Nineties: The Rush', Australian Star, 14 October 1899, p. 5.
44. 'The Cambaroora Star', Boomerang, 19 December 1891; PW, 108.
55. 'A Word to Texas Jack', by Joe Swallow, Bulletin, 29 March 1890, p. 15; PW, 225.
66. 'Years after the War in Australia', Bulletin, 23 May 1896, p. 3; 'After the War', PW, 238.
77. John Le Gay Brereton, 'Henry Lawson' in Knocking Round, pp. 37-8; 'The Star of Australasia', DWW, 116-23; PW, 2-5.
88. 'In the Storm that is to Come', World's News (Sydney), 5 March 1904, p. 18; 'The Storm that is to Come', PW, 128-30; 'The Heart of Australia', Bulletin, 13 October 1904, p. 11; WIK, 229-32.
99. 'The Vanguard', Bulletin, 15 June 1905, p. 9; WIK, 225.
1010. Loc. cit.
1111. 'The Good Samaritan', Bulletin, 3 November 1904, p. 40; WIK, 239.
1212. 'Our Fighters', Australian Star, 28 October 1899, p. 4.
1313. 'The Rovers', Bulletin, 25 November 1899, p. 32; 'Rovers', PW, 172.
1414. 'Grimy Old Babylon', Daily Telegraph, 2 August 1902, p. 7; SHL, iii, 407.
1515. 'Mostly Slavonic: I Peter Michaelov', My Army, O, My Army!, p. 39.
1616. 'To Be Amused', For Australia (1913), p. 68.
1717. 'A Song of General Sick-and-Tiredness', Bulletin, 10 December 1908, p. 26; PW, 268.
1818. 'The Golden Nineties: Albany Before the Boom', Australian Star, 30 September 1899, p. 4.
1919. 'The Song of Australia', SR, 138.
2020. 'The World is Full of Kindness', SR, 141.
2121. 'The Shearers', CB, ix; 'Shearers', PW, 103.
2222. 'His Burden of Sorrow', Bulletin, 29 June 1922, pp. 47-8; SHL, iii, 249-52
2323. 'Elderman's Lane. II. Ah Dam', Bulletin, 16 January 1913, p. 43; SHL, iii, 239-43.
2424. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, p. 250.
2525. 'Ah Soon', Lone Hand, 1 August 1912, p. 324; SHL, iii, 223.
2626. 'Straight Talk: The New Religion', by Joe Swallow, Albany Observer, 5 July 1890, p. 3.
27Loc. cit.
2828. John Le Gay Brereton in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 10.
2929. Jim Gordon in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 249.
3030. 'A Double Buggy at Lahey's Creek', JWM, 121-52; SHL, ii, 60-75.
3131. Fr Michael Tansey in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 277.
3232. 'Ah Soon', Lone Hand, 1 August 1912, p. 326; SHL, iii, 225.
3333. 'The Tracks that Lie by India', Bulletin, 15 June 1905, p. 3; WIK, 73.
34MS. original of 2-page autobiography, in Gertrude O'Connor, Family History of the Lawsons.
3535. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', Mitchell Library MS. i, 5; SHL, i, 4.
36Op. cit., i, 22; SHL, i, 13; also 'The Old Bark School', Bulletin, 22 May 1897, p. 28; PW, 185.
3737. 'A Word to Texas Jack', by Joe Swallow, Bulletin, 29 March 1890, p. 15; PW, 224.
3838. 'Some Popular Australian Mistakes', Bulletin, 18 November 1893, p. 20; Henry Lawson Scrapbook, i, 231; reprinted Southerly, 1964, 4, p. 205.
3939. 'The Dry Country', Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 4; edited version, Bulletin, 20 August 1898, p. 32; 'The Drovers', ES, 200-2.
4040. 'The Black Tracker; or Why He Lost the Track', Freeman's Journal, 14 June 1890, p. 17.
4141. Jim Grahame, 'Henry Lawson on the Track', Bulletin, 19 February 1925, Red Page.
4242. E. A. Lawson to T. D. Mutch, 11 February 1933, Mitchell Library, Mutch papers, Item 25; 'It hurt Mum', C. W. Lawson to George Robertson, 30 March 1920, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7.
4343. Sydney Morning Herald, 12 September 1931, p. 7.
4444. Emma Brooks to J. F. Thomas, 28 February 1924, Mitchell Library MS. A1 29/-2.
4545. 'The Drover's Wife', Bulletin, 23 July 1892, pp. 21-2; SHL, i, 175-80; 'A Bush Publican's Lament', CB, 94-8; SHL, ii, 433-6.
4646. 'The Golden Nineties: Albany Before the Boom', Australian Star, 30 September 1899, p. 4; SHL, iii, 120.
4747. 'The Golden Nineties: W. A. Before the Boom', Australian Star, 7 October 1899, pp. 4-5.
4848. Sydney Morning Herald, 12 September 1921, p. 7.
4949. Australian Authors: Newspaper Clippings, vol. 235, p. 71, Mitchell Library Q A820A.
5050. Norman Lindsay, Bohemians of the Bulletin, pp. 61-2.
5151. T. D. Mutch, notes in Mitchell Library, Mutch papers, Item 22; also Gertrude O'Connor, Family History of the Lawsons, p. 145, Mitchell Library.
5252. Hilton Barton to T. D. Mutch, 5 June 1940, Mitchell Library, Mutch papers, Item 25.
5353. 'Black Joe', Western Mail, 16 October 1896, p. 28; SHL, ii, 408-12.
5454. See Note 51.
5555. 'The Drover's Wife', SHL, i, 175-80.
5656. 'A Christmas in the Far West: or the Bush Undertaker', Antipodean, 1893, pp. 95-102; 'The Bush Undertaker', SHL, i, 202-8.
5757. Gertrude O'Connor, Annotations, 22 September 1920, in Henry Lawson Scrapbook, i, 14, Mitchell Library.
5858. 'Middleton's Peter', T&S, [i], 46; SHL, i, 289.
5959. 'A Tragic Comedy', Lone Hand, May 1907, p. 16; 'His Mistake', SHL, iii, 68.
6060. Gertrude O'Connor, Family History of the Lawsons, p. 14, Mitchell Library MS.
6161. C. M. H. Clark, A Brief History of Australia, p. 103.
6262. C. M. H. Clark (ed.), Select Documents in Australian History 1851-1900, p. 748; J. T. Sutcliffe, A History of Trade Unionism in Australia, p. 99; R. N. Ebbels, The Australian Labor Movement 1850-1907, p. 98.
6363. See Robin Gollan, Radical and Working Class Politics, pp. 116-17; L. G. Churchward in Ebbels, op. cit., p. 12 (see Note 62).
6464. Sutcliffe, op. cit., p. 111 (see Note 62).
6565. Ebbels, op. cit., p. 98 (see Note 62).
6666. 'Australia for the Australians', Bulletin, 2 July 1887, p. 4. Cited by Ebbels, op. cit., pp. 161-2 (see Note 62).
6767. 'The British Imperial Heathen', Bulletin, 2 June 1888, p. 4. Cited by Ebbels, op. cit., pp. 162-3 (see Note 62).
6868. R. Thomson, Australian Nationalism [1888]. Cited by C. M. H. Clark, op. cit., p. 795 (see Note 62).
6969. 'The March of the Mantchoorian', Bulletin, 14 April 1887, p. 4; 'The Victorian Chinaman', ibid., 12 November 1887, p. 5. See also 'The Work-man's Indictment of the Chinaman. The Reasons Why the Mongolian Must Go', ibid., 14 April 1887, pp. 4-5.
7070. Thomson, op. cit. Cited by C. M. H. Clark, op. cit., p. 794 (see Note 62).
7171. Gollan, op. cit., p. 162 (see Note 63).
7272. Ebbels, op. cit., p. 114 (see Note 62).
7373. Ibid., op. cit., p. 118 (see Note 62).
7474. C. M. H. Clark, op. cit., p. 232 (see Note 62).
7575. See Jean Guiart in Hubert Deschamps and Jean Guiart, Tahiti, Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouvelles-Hébrides, pp. 227-8.
7676. This table is in a typed version of Dr Parnaby's work, shown to me by the author. It does not appear in the published book.
7777. Ebbels, op. cit., pp. 115-16 (see Note 62).
7878. W. G. Spence, Australia's Awakening, p. 72.
7979. See O. W. Parnaby, Britain and the Labor Trade in the South West Pacific, p. 150.
8080. Russel Ward, The Australian Legend, p. 120.
8181. Paul Twyford, 'On Tramp', Worker (Sydney), 26 May 1894, p. [4]; 'On Tramp: Pakeha and Maori', Worker (Sydney), 9 June-7 July 1894.
8282. Spence, op. cit., p. 70 (see Note 78).
8383. Ibid., p. 629.
8484. 'A Niggers' Mission', Bulletin, 17 December 1887, p. 5.
8585. 'Australian Aborigines', Bulletin, 19 June 1880, p. 1.
page 192

2 The Reluctant Bushman

11. See Russel Ward, The Australian Legend.
22. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, p. 104; A, J. Coombes, Some Australian Poets, p. 65.
33. Jim Grahame, 'Henry Lawson on the Track', Bulletin, 19 February 1925, Red Page; Letter from William G. Wood, Windsor and Richmond Gazette, 21 September 1926 (also in Mitchell Library, Newspaper Cuttings, vol. 235, p. 21, Q A820A); Letter from William Wood, 2 August 1931, in Mitchell Library MS. Al 29/-2 (11).
44. Russel Ward, The Australian Legend, p. 171.
55. H. M. Green, A History of Australian Literature, i, 363, 377.
66. A. J. Coombes, Some Australian Poets, p. 65.
77. Arthur W. Jose, The Romantic Nineties, p. 16.
88. Henry Lawson to Emma Brooks, from Hungerford, 16 January 1893, Mitchell Library MS. A1 29/-2 (11).
99. Ibid., from Bourke, 6 February 1893, Mitchell Library MS. A1 29/-2 (12).
1010. 'That Pretty Girl in the Army', CB, 37-8; SHL, ii, 384-5.
1111. Jim Grahame, 'Henry Lawson on the Track', Bulletin, 19 February 1925, Red Page.
1212. Boozing Bill in 'The Bush Fire', WIK, 108-12; PW, 121-3; 'Corny Bill', DWW, 132-4; PW, 204-5; Boko Bill in 'Mateship', TL, 237-9; SHL, iii, 433; Jimmy Nowlett in 'The Song of Old Joe Swallow', Bulletin, 24 May 1890, p. 13; PW, 212-14; Jimmy Noland in 'The Shanty on the Rise', Bulletin, 19 December 1891, p. 21; PW, 245-6, and 'The Strangers' Friend', TL, 224-35; SHL, iii, 75-81; Jim Duggan in 'The Boss-over-the-Board', Bulletin, 11 December 1897, p. 29; PW, 188-9; Jim Barnes in 'Mateship', TL, 243-8; SHL, iii, 436-9; 'Tambaroora Jim', Bulletin, 19 March 1892, p. 18; PW, 191-2.
1313. 'The Bush Fire', WIK, 108-12; PW, 121-3; 'Years After the War in Australia', Bulletin, 23 May 1896, p. 3; 'After the War', PW, 237-40.
1414. 'Bill and Jim Fall Out', Bulletin, 12 December 1896, p. 10; PW, 196-7.
1515. 'The Boss-over-the-Board', Bulletin, 11 December 1897, p. 29; PW, 188-9.
1616. 'Mateship', TL, 242; SHL, iii, 435-6.
1717. 'Bill and Jim Fall Out', Bulletin, 12 December 1896, p. 10; PW, 196-7; 'The Bush Fire', WIK, 108-12; PW, 121-3.
1818. 'Years After the War in Australia', Bulletin, 23 May 1896, p. 3; 'After the War', PW, 237-40.
1919. 'The Bill of the Ages', WIK, 113-16; 'Bill', PW, 45-7.
2020. Bulletin, 19 March 1898, p. 13. Lawson's son was in fact christened Joseph Henry, apparently after a friend who persuaded Lawson and Bertha to go to New Zealand (Gertrude O'Connor, Family History of the Lawsons, p. 79); but Lawson always referred to him as Jim.
2121. Henry Lawson, private letter to Hugh MacCallum, 15 November 1897, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7.
2222. 'Some Popular Australian Mistakes', Bulletin, 18 November 1893, p. 20; reprinted Southerly, 1964, 4, p. 205.
2323. 'A Few Remarks on Bill and Jim', ibid., 8 October 1914, p. 44.
2424. Loc. cit.
2525. 'The Stranger's Friend', TL, 225; SHL, iii, 75.
2626. 'Armidale', Bulletin, 14 June 1917, pp. 47-8. The Bulletin used the name. An item by Daniel Healy, 'The Biljim Craze', appeared 28 August 1897, and on 9 May 1918 the Bulletin reported that it had received 35p entries in a competition for an epitaph for Biljim.
2727. 'The Last Review', Bulletin, 29 September 1904, p. 35; PW, 182.
2828. See Note 26.
2929. 'Bourke', WIK, 101-5; PW, 134-6; 'Peter Anderson and Co.', Bulletin, 17 August 1895, p. 8; DWW, 186.
3030. 'The Bill of the Ages', WIK, 114; 'Bill', PW, 46.
3131. 'In the Storm that is to Come', WIK, 194; 'The Storm that is to Come', PW, 129.
3232. 'An Article on Man' (from the Worker (Sydney), Henry Lawson Scrapbook, ii, 423.
3333. 'Our Countrymen', Worker (Sydney), 1 July 1893.
3434. 'The Hopeless Futility of the Sydney Street Crowd', Mitchell Library typescript, Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7.
3535. 1913Autobiography, leaves 14-15. Alexander Turnbull Library MS.; printed Southerly, 1964, 4, p. 196.
3636. Cecil Mann, 'Henry Lawson in his Writing, I', SHL, i, 58; Dorothy Green, 'Tent and Tree', Nation (Sydney), 4 September 1965, pp. 21-2.
3737. Lawson wrote several parts of an autobiography, (1) a short manuscript contained in Gertrude O'Connor's Family History of the Lawsons in the Mitchell Library, a typescript copy of which is in the Henry Lawson Scrapbook, i, 41-2, which sketches his life from birth to 1893; (2) 'Pursuing Literature in Australia', Bulletin, 21 January 1899, Red Page; (3) 'Fragment of an Autobiography', which ends shortly after Peter Lawson's death in 1888, held in manuscript in the Mitchell Library, and published (with some textual differences) in SHL, i, 3-53; (4) a continuation of the 'Fragment', written in 1913, held in manuscript by the Alexander Turnbull Library, MS. K2, and in typescript copy by the Mitchell Library, titled 'From Mudgee Hills to London Town', in Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3 and in Misc. MSS.-Prose, ii, 121-42. This last was published in Southerly, 4, (1964). See my fuller note in Biblionews, July 1967-October, 1967.
3838. Lawson's Birth. The accounts are (1) a note signed by Gertrude O'Connor dated 24 June 1920 and inserted in the Lawson family bible, Mitchell Library C334; (2) another note signed by Gertrude O'Connor, dated 24 June 1920 in the Mutch papers, Item 22; (3) Gertrude O'Connor, Family History of the Lawsons, p. 22; (4) Gertrude O'Connor, Louisa Lawson, p. 38; (5) Gertrude O'Connor, 'Louisa Lawson and her Son', Bulletin, 2 September 1920, Red Page and p. 28; (6) Gertrude O'Connor, 'The Birth of Henry Lawson', Aussie, 15 October 1921, pp. 12-13. Mrs O'Connor's account is that Henry Lawson was born during a flood and the nurse had to be carried 2 miles across flood-waters to reach him. On the second day the nurse was unable to cross the flood, and mother and baby became dangerously ill. The menfolk went for an alcoholic doctor and forced him at rifle-point to attend the mother and baby. In her Aussie version, which is written in the form of fiction, Mrs O'Connor says that Louisa Lawson developed milk-fever and in her delirium almost threw the baby at an imagined black snake, and that the doctor, finding a litter of new-born puppies, used two of them as breast-pumps. The baby's scalp and eyes page 194were septic from 'three days' neglect'. The doctor washed, dressed, and fed the baby till the flood subsided. The Lawson family bible itself has only the bare entry of the date of Henry Lawson's birth (made, according to Colin Roderick, ten years later), and Mrs O'Connor's account is probably traceable to Louisa Lawson herself, who if she was delirious would hardly have remembered accurately. The account, with the menfolk standing around helpless as mother and baby worsened, shows signs of Louisa's feminism and her resentment of having children at all. She told A. G. Stephens she was 'brooding over poetry' when Henry was born. (A. G. Stephens, Autobiographies of Australian and New Zealand Authors and Artists, Mitchell Library Q A920A.) That Lawson himself uses the story of the alcoholic doctor in 'Middleton's Peter' does not necessarily mean that he accepted it as the story of his own birth: in his poem, 'The Wander-Light' he accepts the storm but in his 1913 Autobiography he descris himself as 'drought born'. There is a fuller discussion of Lawson's birth by Colin Roderick, 'Was Lawson Born in a Tent?', North (Townsville) 5, 1966, pp. 14-31.
3939. Emma Brooks to J. F. Thomas, 17 January 1924, Mitchell Library MS. A1 29/-2. Presumably Mrs Brooks was referring to Mrs O'Connor's published articles 'Louisa Lawson and her Son', Bulletin, 2 September 1920, and 'The Birth of Henry Lawson', Aussie, 15 October 1921.
4040. Emma Brooks to J. F. Thomas, 28 February 1924, Mitchell Library MS. A1 29/-2.
4141. Jack O'Brien to T. D. Mutch, 21 September 1926, Mutch papers, Item 24.
4242. Emma Brooks to J. F. Thomas, 28 February 1924, Mitchell Library MS. Al 29/-2.
4343. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, pp. 43-4.
4444. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', vol. ii, fo. 157, Mitchell Library MS.; SHL, i, 33.
4545. Loc. cit.
4646. Ibid., vol. ii, fo. 139-40; part of this passage is omitted in SHL, i, 30.
4747. Gertrude O'Connor, The Personal Life of Henry Lawson, n.p. Mitchell Library MS.
4848. 'A Child in the Dark-a Bush Sketch', Bulletin, 13 December 1902, p. 14; SHL, iii, 29-34; Gertrude O'Connor, annotations in Henry Lawson Scrap-book, i, 20.
4949. Gertrude O'Connor, The Personal Life of Henry Lawson, n.p. Mitchell Library MS.
5050. P. J. Lawson to T. D. Mutch, 10 March 1933, Mutch papers, Item 25; P. J. Lawson, undated typescript in Mutch papers, Item 23.
5151. Gertrude O'Connor, annotations in Henry Lawson Scrapbook, i, 13; P. J. Lawson to T. D. Mutch, n.d., Mutch papers, Item 25.
5252. Emma Brooks to J. F. Thomas, 28 February 1924, Mitchell Library MS. Al 29/-2.
5353. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', vol. ii, fo. 158, Mitchell Library MS.; SHL, i, 38.
5454. Emma Brooks to J. F. Thomas, 1 January 1924, Mitchell Library MS. A1 29/-2.
5555. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', vol. ii, fo. 205, Mitchell Library MS.; SHL, i, 41.
5656. 1913 Autobiography, fo. 5, Alexander Turnbull Library MS.; edited version in Southerly, 1964, 4, p. 193.
5757. 'A Letter from Leeton', National Library of Australia MS. 75/2; edited version in Ethel Turner and Bertram Stevens (eds.), The Australian Soldiers' Gift Book, Voluntary Workers' Association, Sydney [1917], pp. 21-2; SHL, iii, 317-20.
5858. Frank Sargeson, 'Henry Lawson, Some Notes after Re-reading', Land-fall, June 1966, p. 156; James Vance Marshall, 'The Day Henry Lawson Talked to me about his Father', Australian Letters, March 1962, pp. 28-34; P. J. Lawson to T. D. Mutch, 10 March 1933, Mutch papers, Item 25, Mitchell Library; Henry Lawson, 'About Dreams', n.d., National Library of Australia MS 75/2.
5959. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 84.
6060. 'For Auld Lang Syne', WBB, 329; SHL, i, 248.
6161. 'The Author's Farewell to the Bushmen', JWM, v-vi, WIK, 10-11; 'Fare-well to the Bushmen', PW, 158.
6262. John Le Gay Brereton, Knocking Round, p. 33.
6363. 'The Cant and Dirt of Labor Literature', Worker (Sydney), 6 October 1894, p. 1; reprinted Southerly, 1964, 4, pp. 206-7.
6464. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', vol. i, fo. 79, Mitchell Library MS.; SHL, i, 67.
6565. Henry Lawson to George Robertson, 15 February 1917, Correspondence re Selected Poems, Mitchell Library.
6666. 'Our Countrymen', Worker (Sydney), 1 July 1893, also in Henry Lawson Scrapbook, i, 221.
6767. 'Some Popular Australian Mistakes', Bulletin, 18 November 1893, p. 20, also in Henry Lawson Scrapbook, i, 231; reprinted Southerly, 1964, 4, pp. 204-5.
6868. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', vol. ii, fo. 216, Mitchell Library MS.; SHL, i, 43.
6969. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', vol. i, fo. 79; SHL, i, 19.
7070. Ibid., vol. i, fo. 42; SHL, i, 12.
7171. 'Send Round the Hat', CB, 21; SHL, iii, 376.
7272. 'To the Advanced Idealist', Miscellaneous MSS.-Verse, ii, 257, (Mitchell A1870); Henry Lawson Scrapbook, iii, 755; Dissed Prose and Verse, p. 90 (Mitchell A 1884); Verses: Emendations by McKee Wright and Others, vol. 6 (Mitchell A 1883); published Elector (Sydney), 2 November 1895.
7373. 'Pigeon Toes', WIK, 244-8, shortened and revised version, PW, 150-1; 'The Little World Left Behind', JWM, 323-9; SHL, ii, 168-71.
7474. 'The Local Spirit', Bulletin, 30 April 1914, p. 3.
7575. 'The Dying Anarchist', Worker (Sydney), 15 September 1894, p. 1.
7676. 'The Good Samaritan', Bulletin, 3 November 1904, p. 40; WIK, 235.
7777. 'The Crucifixion', Miscellaneous MSS-Verse, ii, 187-91, (Mitchell A1870), Henry Lawson Scrapbook, iii, 427; 'Cromwell', Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 4.
7878. 'The Universal Brothers', Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3.
7979. 'The Man Ahead' (1899), Dixson Collection MS. Q 39.
8080. 'The Drunken Leader', Miscellaneous MSS-Verse, ii, 166-7 (Mitchell A1870); Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3.
8181. 'You know, he said, people acclaim me as a poet although I never look upon poetry as my forte. I'm better at prose. I've never studied Galliambics, Iambics, Ionics etc. said Henry. That science belongs more to a fellow like David McKee Wright.' (J. McCausland, 'A Poet in Leeton', 28 June 1917, reporting conversation with Lawson at Leeton in 1916, Mutch papers, Item 23.)

3 The Ngai-Tahu of Kaikoura

11. W. J. Elvy, Kaikoura Coast, p. 8.
22. J. W. Stack, South Island Maoris, p. 27; W. J. Elvy, Kei Puta te Wairau, p. 26; W. J. Elvy, Kaikoura Coast, p. 18.
33. W. J. Elvy, Kaikoura Coast, p. 31.
44. J. W. Stack, South Island Maoris, p. 57.
55. W. J. Elvy, Kaikoura Coast, p. 40.
66. John Miller, Early Victorian New Zealand, pp. 18-19.
77. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 102.
88. 'The Writer's Dream', Alexander Turnbull Library MS.
99. Information in this paragraph is based on personal communications from Mr J. M. Sherrard.
1010. AJHR, 1858, C-3, pp. 26-8; 1878, G-2, p. 25; 1881, G-3, p. 26; 1896, H-13B, p. 14.
1111. Ibid., 1878, G-2, p. 25; Census, 1896, p. lii. 12 AJHR, 1874, G-7, p. 18; G-2C, p. 6.
1212. Ibid., 1858, C-3, pp. 26-8.
1313. Ibid., p. 27.
1414. Ibid., 1875, G-3, p. 3.
1515. Loc. cit.
1616. J. Mackay to D. McLean, 19 April 1859, A. Mackay, Compendium of Official Documents relative to Native Affairs in the South Island, ii, 35.
1717. T. L. Buick, Old Marlborough, pp. 385-6.
1818. W. J. Elvy, Kaikoura Coast, p. 58.
1919. J. M. Sherrard, Kaikoura, pp. 91-6; AJHR, 1867, C-4, p. 3; 1862, C-2,
2020. p.3.
2121. Ibid., 1867, C-4, p. 3.
2222. Ibid., 1897, H-23, p. 83.
2323. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 13 December 1964.
2424. Canterbury Times, 11 November 1897.
2525. H. B. Kirk, Report, 16 October 1900, Mangamaunu School file.
2626. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 13 December 1964.
2727. T. L. Buick, Old Marlborough, p. 383.
2828. Ibid., p. 390.
2929. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 26 July 1959; Mrs Robert Wilson, In The Land of the Tui, pp. 192 ff.
3030. W. J. Elvy, Kaikoura Coast, p. 71.
3131. G. P. B. in the Bulletin, 5 June 1897, p. 22.
3232. AJHR, 1884, H-1, p. 21.
3333. J M Sherrard, personal communication, 25 January 1959.
3434. AJHR, 1872, F-3, p. 18.
3535. T. Danaher to W. J. Habens, 1 March 1882, Mangamaunu School file.
3636. AJHR, 1872, F-3, p. 18.
3737. R. H. Beck to W. J. Habens, 13 March 1888, Mangamaunu School file.
3838. AJHR, 1872, F-3, p. 18.
3939. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, p. 156.
4040. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 102.
4141. AJHR, 1885, G-2A, p. 13; J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 13 August 1967.
4242. AJHR, 1886, G-12,p. 18.
4343. Ibid., 1896, H-13B, p. 14.
4444. Census,1896, p.lvi.
4545. AJHR, 1896, H-23B, p. 78.
4646. Ibid., 1872, F-3, pp. 16-18.
4747. Ibid., 1885, G-2A, pp. 12-14.
4848. Loc. cit.
4949. J. W. Stack to R. Gill, 19 December 1877, Mangamaunu School file.
5050. J. H. Pope, Report, 28 October 1896, Mangamaunu School file.
5151. AJHR, 1881, G-3, p. 26.
5252. Census, 1896, p. lii.
5353. Ibid., 1886, p. 369.
5454. AJHR, 1891, Session II, G-2, p. 7.
5555. Henry Lawson to W. J. Habens, 10 May 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
5656. Ibid., 10 September 1897.
5757. J. H. Pope, Report, 3 December 1894, Mangamaunu School file.
5858. AJHR, 1896, E-2, p. 7.
5959. J. H. Pope, Report, 20 November 1895, Mangamaunu School file.
6060. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 102.
6161. H. B. Kirk, Report, 28 October 1899, Mangamaunu School file.
6262. Figures of only rough reliability are: 1874: 2608 including 797 half-castes—AJHR, 1874, G-2C, pp. 5, 7. 1884: 2061 including 134 Stewart Island Maoris—AJHR, 1884, Session II, G-3. 1891: 1883—AJHR, 1896, H-13B, p. 12. 1896: 2207 including 895 half-castes—Census, 1896, p. xxxviii.
6363. AJHR, 1896, H-13B, p. 11.
6464. Ibid., p. 12.
6565. Ibid., p. 11.
6666. W. J. Elvy, Kaikoura Coast, p. 60.
6767. Mrs Robert Wilson, In the Land of the Tui, pp. 197-8.
6868. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 102.
6969. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7.
7070. I owe information in this paragraph to Mr J. M. Sherrard.
7171. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 25 January 1959.
7272. AJHR, 1872, F-3, p. 16.
7373. N.Z. Prisons Department File 83/438, 83/808. Also Lyttelton Times, 4 April 1883, p. 3.
7474. I owe information about the Catholic mission to Fr K. McGrath, S.M., of Otaki.
7575. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 13 December 1964.
7676. Keepa te Hina to J. H. Pope, 24 November 1877, Mangamaunu School file.
7777. AJHR, 1876, G-2, p. 10.
7878. Ibid., pp. 12-13.
7979. Ibid., 1868, A-6, pp. 14-15.
8080. Ibid., 1879, Session II, G-2, pp. 12-13; (Wairau), 1877, G-4, p. 21.
8181. Ibid., 1874, G-8, p. 15; 1879, Session II, G-2, p. 13.
8282. Ibid.
8383. Ibid., 1878, G-7, p. 3.
8484. Ibid., 1877, G-4, pp. 19-20; 1875, G-2A, p. 13.
8585. J. W. Stack, undated memo., Papers and Pictures, Alexander Turnbull Library MS. fo. 91.
8686. J. W. Stack, unidentified newspaper clipping, Newspaper Clippings, p. 21. Alexander Turnbull Library Q 920 P STA.
8787. AJHR, 1876, G-2, p. 10; 1879, Session II, G-2, pp. 12-13.
8888. Ibid., 1875, G-3, p. 1.
8989. Ibid., 1888, G-1, p. 3.
9090. Ibid., 1897, G-1.
9191. N.Z. Statutes, 1944, p. 401.
9292. AJHR, 1858, C-3, p. 27; AJLC, 1897, Session I, no. 12, p. 2.
9393. AJHR, 1875, G-2, p. 14; 1877, G-4, p. 15.
9494. Ibid., 1872, F-3, pp. 16-18.
9595. Ibid., F-5, p. 29.
9696. T. D. Mutch papers, Item 27, Mitchell Library MSS.
9797. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, pp. 40-1.
9898. J. W. Stack to R. J. Gill, 19 December 1877. All information in the remainder of this chapter is from the Mangamaunu School file.
9999. Ihaia Whakatau and others to H. T. Clarke, 6 March 1878, Mangamaunu School file.
11. Stack in his last annual report gives the cost as £400, probably only a rough round figure—AJHR, 1880, H-IL, p. 6.

4 'Missionaries of Civilisation'

11. A. G. Butchers, Education in New Zealand, p. 119.
22. AJHR, 1880, H-1F.
33. Ibid., 1893, E-2, p. 2.
44. A. G. Butchers, Education in New Zealand, p. 120.
55. Reweti T. Kohere, The Autobiography of a Maori, p. 27.
66. AJHR, 1880, H-iA, p. 21.
77. Ibid., 1886, E-2, p. 4.
88. Ibid., 1884, E-2, p. 1.
99. Ibid., 1882, E-2, p. 8.
1010. Ibid., 1900, E-2, p. 16.
1111. A. G. Butchers, The Education System, p. 87.
1212. AJHR, 1885, E-2, p. 12.
1313. A. G. Butchers, The Education System, p. 87.
1414. AJHR, 1880, H-1F, p. 7.
1515. Ibid., 1885, E-2, p. 12.
1616. Ibid., 1880, H-1F, p. 7.
1717. Ibid., 1883, E-2, p. 10.
1818. Ibid., 1884, E-2, p. 13; 1887, Session II, G-3, p. 2.
1919. James H. Pope to Thomas Danaher, 10 July 1884, Mangamaunu School file.
2020. A. G. Butchers, Education in New Zealand, pp. 123-4.
2121. AJHR, 1888, E-2, p. 9.
2222. Ibid., 1880, H-1F, p. 1.
2323. Ibid., p. 7.
2424. Ibid., 1881, E-7, p. 4; 1900, E-2, p. 17.
2525. Ibid., 1881, E-7, p. 4.
2626. W. W. Bird in I. Davey (ed.), Fifty Years of National Education in New Zealand, p. 68.
2727. AJHR, 1881, E-7, p. 4.
2828. A. G. Butchers, Education in New Zealand, p. 123.
2929. AJHR, 1882, E-2, p. 5.
3030. Ibid., 1889, E-2, p. 14.
3131. Ibid., 1880, H-iA, p. 21.
3232. Ibid., 1882, E-2, p. 4; 1883, E-2, pp. 6-7; 1884, E-2, pp. 12-13.
3333. Ibid., 1883, E-2, p. 6.
3434. Sir E. O. Gibbes to A. G. Butchers, quoted by Butchers, Education in New Zealand, p. 122.
3535. Ibid., p. 131.
3636. Ibid., p. 125.
3737. AJHR, 1888, E-2, p. 10. See also A. G. Butchers, Education in New Zealand, pp. 125-6.
3838. AJHR, 1893, E-2, p. 10.
3939. See ibid., 1899, E-2, p. 11; 1891, E-2, p. 11.
4040. Ibid., 1900, E-2, p. 16.
4141. Loc. cit.
4242. AJHR, 1884, E-2, p. 15.
4343. H. Hill, 'The Maoris To-day and To-morrow', Transactions of the N.Z. Institute, xxix, n.s. 12 (1897), p. 159.
4444. AJHR, 1895, E-2, p. 20; 1896, E-2, p. 23; 1897, E-2, p. 23; 1898, E-2, p. 25; E-2A; 1899, E-2, p. 26.
4545. Thomas Danaher to J. Hislop, 29 January 1880. All information in the remainder of this chapter, not otherwise attributed, is from the Mangamaunu School file held by the Education Department.
4646. AJHR, 1900, E-2, p. 16.
4747. J. H. Pope, Report, 16 October 1885, Mangamaunu School file.
4848. Ibid., 4 August 1881.
4949. Ibid., 18 November 1885.
5050. AJHR, 1885, G-2A, p. 13.
5151. Lyttelton Times, 4 April 1883, p. 3.
5252. AJHR, 1882, E-2, Table 2, p. 12; 1883, E-2, Table 2, p. 15.
5353. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 12 January 1961.
5454. AJHR, 1885-90, E-2, Table 7 each year.
5555. Ibid., 1895, E-2, p. 7.
5656. Ibid., p. 2.
5757. Ibid., 1897, Session II, E-2, p. 21.
5858. Raukokore School file, Education Department.
5959. Figures arrived at from Tables A and B.

5 The Lawsons at Mangamaunu

11. Bertha Lawson, My Henry Lawson, p. 57.
22. Arthur Rae, 'Labor and Politics in Maoriland', Hummer, 17 September 1893, p. [2]; Note by T. D. Mutch, Notebook in Mutch papers, Item 26.
33. See Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, pp. 141, 201, for other lapses of Bertha's memory.
44. See R. T. Shannon, 'The Fall of Reeves 1893-6' in R. Chapman and K. Sinclair (eds.), Studies in a Small Democracy, p. 141, also K. Sinclair, William pember Reeves, New Zealand Fabian, pp. 240-2. Ward, as Postmaster-General, had been Lawson's employer when he worked as a telegraph lineman in 1894.
55. E. Tregear to W. P. Reeves, 13 April 1897, Alexander Turnbull Library photocopy; original in the British Library of Political and Economic Science, London School of Economics.
66. Evening Post, 10 April 1897, p. 5; N.Z. Times, 10 April 1897, p. 3.
77. Evening Post, 17 April 1897, p. 5; N.Z. Mail, 22 April 1897, p. 39.
88. Mangamaunu School file, Education Department.
99. N.Z. Times, 5 May 1897, gives the passengers as 'Mesdames Morris and Quinn, Mr H. Lawson', the Evening Post, same date, as 'Mrs Lawson, Messrs Lawson, Williams'. The tonnage of the Wakatu is given in G.W.N. Ingram and P. O. Wheatley, N.Z. Shipwrecks, p. 346. Its gross tonnage, 157, is nearer to Bertha's guess of 'about 200 tons burden'. It was wrecked in 1924 off Waipapa Point, within 60 yards of the wreck of the Taiaroa (1886), the subject of Lawson's sketch in the N.Z. Mail, 29 April 1897.
1010. Worker (Brisbane), 22 May 1897, p. 5; Clipper (Hobart), 29 May 1897, p. 5.
1111. See A. G. Stephens (ed.), Autobiographies of Australian and N.Z. Authors and Artists (Mitchell Library Q A920A), pp. 130-1; R. A. McKay (ed.), A History of Printing in New Zealand 1830-1940, (Wellington Club of Printing House Craftsmen, Wellington, [1940]), pp. 237-40; G. H. Scholefield, Newspapers in New Zealand, p. 52.
1212. They were 'That There Dog o' Mine: an Australian Sketch', 8 December 1893; 'Coming Across', 15, 29 December; 'The Cambaroora Star', 15 December; 'For'ard', 22 December.
1313. They are 'On a Good Tucker Track: an Australian Sketch', and 'Drift from a Wreck: a New Zealand sketch', N.Z. Mail, 29 April 1897, p. 21; 'The Three Kings', N.Z. Mail, 15 April 1897, p. 23, reprinted N.Z. Times, 23 April, p. 5. The Mail also published 'The Old Bark School', 8 July 1897, and 'An Oversight of Steelman's', 30 September 1897.
1414. Bertha Lawson, My Henry Lawson, p. 56; G. H. Scholefield, Dictionary of N.Z. Biography, i, 507.
1515. Henry Lawson to T. L. Mills, 10 October 1897, Alexander Turnbull Library scrapbook, Sydney Bulletin Writers, i, 170. That the 'Australian' prices were offered by the New Zealand press is evident from Lawson's mention of 'request for copy at Australian prices' from New Zealand papers, notably the Christchurch Press. (Henry Lawson to Angus & Robertson, 25 June 1897, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 8.)
1616. 'Some Reflections on a Voyage Across Cook's Straits (N.Z.)', Worker (Sydney), 12 January 1895, p. 1; 'Across the Straits', SHL, i, 154-5.
1717. Anthony Cashion, 'Pahiatua' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 60; Worker (Sydney), 4 August 1892, p. 2.
1818. 2-page Autobiography, Henry Lawson Scrapbook, i, 41-2, Mitchell Library; Comments on a letter from Mrs Moss, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3 (see p. 160).
1919. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, pp. 104-5.
2020. AJHR, 1898, E-2, p. 19.
2121. F. K. de Castro to E. O. Gibbes, 2 April 1898, Mangamaunu School file.
2222. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 99.
2323. Bertha Lawson, My Henry Lawson, p. 59.
2424. Op. cit., p. 62.
2525. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7.
2626. 'The Golden Nineties: Albany Before the Boom', Australian Star, 30 September 1899, p. 4.
2727. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897 (see Note 25); 'Elderman's Lane: The Kids', Bulletin, 19 June 1913, p. 48; SHL, iii, 261.
2828. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897 (see Note 25).
2929. Comments on a letter from Mrs Moss (see Note 18).
3030. Charles Oscar Palmer, 'Henry Lawson … Spent Five Happy Months at Kaikoura', Star (Christchurch), 4 June 1927, p. 23.
3131. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 100.
3232. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', Mitchell Library MS.; SHL, i, 14.
3333. Bertha Lawson, loc. cit.
3434. Bertha Lawson, junior, 'Henry Lawson', 7 March 1927, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 4.
3535. J. H. Pope, Reports, 3 December 1894, 20 November 1895, 28 October 1896, Mangamaunu School file.
3636. Henry Lawson to W. J. Habens, 10 May 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
3737. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897 (see Note 25).
3838. Henry Lawson to W. J. Habens, 29 June 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
3939. Tender from Alexander Doddemeade, cabinet-maker, Kaikoura, 23 January 1880, Mangamaunu School file.
4040. Bertha Lawson, My Henry Lawson, p. 63.
4141. 'Crime in the Bush', Bulletin, 11 February 1899, p. 35; reprinted Southerly, 1965, 4, pp. 279-80.
4242. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897 (see Note 25).
4343. Loc. cit.
4444. 'Elderman's Lane: The Kids', Bulletin, 19 June 1913, p. 48; SHL, iii, 260.
4545. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897 (see Note 25).
4646. Loc. cit.
4747. Loc. cit.
4848. 'The Golden Nineties: Albany Before the Boom', Australian Star, 30 September 1899, p. 4.
4949. 'The Golden Nineties: W. A. Before the Boom', Australian Star, 7 October 1899, pp. 4-5.
5050. Loc. cit.
5151. Comments on a letter from Mrs Moss (see Note 18).
5252. J. H. Pope, Health for the Maori, rev. ed., 1894, pp. 72-3, 89, 131-2.
5353. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories', in Henry Lawson by his Mates, pp. 103-4.
5454. Ibid., p. 98.
5555. J. D. Watson, personal communication, 12 December 1960.
5656. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, p. 166.
5757. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897 (see Note 25).
5858. C. O. Palmer, 'Henry Lawson…', Star (Christchurch), 4 June 1927, p. 23.
5959. Henry Lawson, private letter to Hugh MacCallum, 15 November 1897, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7; Evening Post, 11 November 1897; 'Grimy Old Babylon', Daily Telegraph (Sydney), 2 August 1902, p. 7.
6060. Arthur B. Parker to T. D Mutch, 3 August 1940, Mutch papers, Item 25.
6161. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 25 January 1959.
6262. Bertha Lawson, My Henry Lawson, p. 62.
6363. C. O. Palmer, 'Henry Lawson…', Star (Christchurch), 4 June 1927, p. 23.
6464. Quoted by Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, p. 166.
6565. Henry Lawson to Emma Brooks, 19 September 1897, Mitchell Library MS. A1 29.
6666. Henry Lawson to W. J. Habens, 28 September 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
6767. Ibid., 30 September 1897.
6868. J. H. Pope to Henry Lawson, 4 October 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
6969. Bulletin, 23 October 1897, p. 13.
7070. Henry Lawson to T. L. Mills, 10 October 1897 (see Note 15).
7171. Evening Post, 13 October 1897, p. 4.
7272. E. O. Gibbes to M. Ngatuere, 1 November 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
7373. Pene Tahui to J. H. Pope, 27 October 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
7474. F. K. de Castro to E. O. Gibbes, 8 November, 20 November 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
7575. Bertha Lawson, My Henry Lawson, p. 64.
7676. F. K. de Castro to E. O. Gibbes, 8 November 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
7777. Evening Post, 25 October 1897, p. 4; 6 November 1897, p. 4.
7878. Ibid., 8 November 1897, p. 4; N.Z. Times, 8 November 1897, p. 2.
7979. AJHR, 1898, E-2, p. 19.
8080. F. K. de Castro to E. O. Gibbes, 8 November 1897, Mangamaunu School file.
8181. Ibid., 20 November 1897.
8282. W. H. Comerford to E. O. Gibbes, 25 March 1898, Mangamaunu School file.
8383. Ibid., 15 February 1898.
8484. J. H. Pope, Report, 19 December 1898, Mangamaunu School file.
8585. H. B. Kirk, Report, 20 October 1899, Mangamaunu School file.
8686. J. H. Pope, Report, 26 November 1901, Mangamaunu School file.
8787. Loc. cit.
8888. W. W. Bird, Report, 18 November 1903, Mangamaunu School file.
8989. Mr Barton to A. W. Rutherford, June 1905, Mangamauriu School file.
9090. W. W. Bird, Report, 20 October 1908, Mangamaunu School file.
9191. W. H. Comerford to E. O. Gibbes, 8 October 1909, Mangamaunu School file.
9292. Henry Lawson to Emma Brooks, from Wellington, 6 November 1893, Mitchell Library MS. Al 29/-2/13.
9393. Ibid.
9494. 'New Zealand from an Australian's Point of View', Fair Play (Wellington), 30 December 1893, p. 23; 'The Emigration to New Zealand', by Cervus Wright, Truth (Sydney), 18 June 1893:
9595. N.Z. Mail, 15 April 1897, p. 21; Evening Post, 10 April 1897, p. 5HV.Z. Times, 10 April 1897, p. 3; Press, 12 April 1897, p. 5; Worker (Brisbane), 24 April 1897, p. 8.
9696. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897 (see Note 25).
9797. Henry Lawson to Angus and Robertson, 25 June 1897, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 8.
9898. Walter Woods in Clipper (Hobart), 25 September 1897, p. 5; T. L. Mills, 'Henry Lawson in Maoriland', Aussie 15 November 1922, p. 23; reprinted in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 54.
9999. Tom L. Mills, 'Henry Lawson, Australia's Poet and Story-teller, His Connection with New Zealand', N.Z. Railways Magazine, 2 April 1934, pp. 37-8.
11. Henry Lawson, business letter to Hugh MacCallum, 15 November 1897 (this is not the same letter as that cited in Note 59); Angus and Robertson to Henry Lawson, 25 August 1897; both in Mitchell LibraryUncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 8.
22. Bulletin, 23 October 1897, p. 13.
33. Evening Post, 11 November 1897.
44. Ibid., 10 November 1897, p. 4.
55. Henry Lawson to T. L. Mills, 10 October 1897 (see Note 15).
66. Henry Lawson to Angus and Robertson, 25 June 1897 (see Note 97).
77. Henry Lawson, business letter to Hugh MacCallum, 15 November 1897 (see Note 1).
88. N.Z. Mail, 17 March 1898, p. 13.
99. Henry Lawson to Angus and Robertson, 24 June 1899 Mitchell Library, Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 8.
1010. Henry Lawson to Bland Holt, 1900, State Library of Victoria MS. 11
1111. T. L. Mills, 'Henry Lawson in Maoriland' (see Note 98), p. 23.
1212. T. L. Mills, 'Henry Lawson …' (see Note 99), pp. 37-8.
1313. Comments on a letter from Mrs Moss (see Note 18).
1414. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, p. 165.
1515. 'Water them Geraniums', JWM, p. 86; SHL, ii, 43-4.
1616. 'Pigeon Toes', WIK, pp. 235-6.
1717. Op. cit., WIK, p. 245.
1818. 'If I Could Paint' (verse), Alexander Turnbull Library scrapbook, Sydney Bulletin Writers, i, 137; Dissed Prose and Verse, p. 49, Mitchell Library; Henry Lawson to Angus and Robertson, 7 May, 11 May 1899, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 8.
1919. 'If I Could Paint' (prose), Bulletin, 8 April 1899, Red Page.
2020. Bulletin, 22 September 1921, p. 27; Mitchell Library B 1449.
2121. Footnote to 'The Parsin for Edgerkashun', Lone Hand, 1 February 1921, p. 5. The Civil Service regulations are in N.Z. Gazette, 1867, p. 507; 1873, p. 48.
2222. E.g. T. S. Browning in Henry Lawson: Memories, n.p.: 'Lawson has given us some exquisite pictures of this school in "A Daughter of Maoriland" and several other stories'; Stephen Murray-Smith in Henry Lawson, p. 26: 'the Maori village - scene of several Lawson stories'.
2323. 'The Sweet Uses of London', Bulletin, 22 October 1903, Red Page.
2424. 'Fragment of an Autobiography', Mitchell Library MS.; SHL, i, 50.
2525. Henry Lawson to Angus and Robertson, 7 May 1899 (see Note 18).
2626. Henry Lawson to person unnamed, undated, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 8.
2727. Bulletin, 5 January 1905, p. 15; Henry Lawson Scrapbook, i, 70.
2828. 'The Dry Country', Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 4; ? T. D. Mutch, typescript 'Works of Henry Lawson Published in the Bulletin, 1887-1922', Mutch papers, Item 29; Henry Lawson to George Robertson, n.d., (c. October 1917), Correspondence re Selected Poems, iii, 332, Mitchell Library A 1877; 'The Old Mile Tree', Miscellaneous MSS.-Verse, i, 111, Mitchell Library A 1869; 'The Ports of the Open Sea', Australian Manuscripts, ii, Alexander Turnbull Library Q 091; 'The Writer's Dream', loc. cit. On the reverse of one sheet of this poem there is the opening of a letter to Banjo Paterson dated 'Sept 1st 97'.
2929. Gertrude O'Connor, Notes upon the Personal Life of Henry Lawson;Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, p. 99; 'The Uncultured Rhymer to his Cultured Critics', Sydney Bulletin Writers: MSS. and Portraits, i, 2, Alexander Turnbull Library Q 091; Gertrude O'Connor, op. cit.
3030. SHL, ii, 79.
3131. SHL, ii, 84.
3232. Henry Lawson to George Robertson, 15 February 1917, Correspondence re Selected Poems, i, 88, Mitchell Library A 1875.
3333. Henry Lawson to David Scott Mitchell, 11 February 1902, Mitchell Library MS. Al 29/-3- Cf. Henry Lawson to Jack Louisson, 3 January 1900, 'I was worried and ill and up to my neck in trouble all the time in Wellington last time, so I don't suppose you've got very cheerful recollections of me.'—Sydney Bulletin Writers: MSS. and Portraits, i, 170, Alexander Turnbull Library, Q 091.
3434. See notes 10 and 33.
3535. Bertha Lawson, My Henry Lawson, p. 63.
3636. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, pp. 161-3.

6 Mere Jacob and 'A Daughter of Maoriland'

11. Bertha Lawson, 'Memories' in Henry Lawson by his Mates, pp. 103-4.
22. Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7.
33. AJHR, 1895, E-2, p. 20. This is the first year in which average ages for passes are given.
44. James H. Pope, Report, 20 August 1884, Mangamaunu School file; Lyttelton Times, 4 April 1883, p. 3.
55. J. G. A'Court, Registrar-General of New Zealand, personal communication, 29 September 1965.
66. Lyttelton Times, 4 April 1883, p. 3.
77. N.Z. Prisons Department File 83/438.
88. Loc. cit.
99. Marlborough Express, 7 April 1883, p.9.
1010. N.Z. Prisons Department File 86/483.
1111. Hon. J. R. Hanan, Minister of Justice in New Zealand, personal communication, 14 December 1965.
1212. Loc. cit.
1313. James H. Pope, Report, 26 February 1883, Mangamaunu School file.
1414. M. W. Standish, for Acting Chief Archivist, National Archives, Wellington, personal communication, 18 October 1960.
1515. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 12 January 1961.
1616. James H. Pope, Report, 22 February 1884, Mangamaunu School file.
1717. Ibid., 20 August 1884.
1818. Ibid., 16 October 1885.
1919. R. H. Beck to J. Hislop, 1 March 1886, Mangamaunu School file.
2020. AJHR, 1880, H-1F, p. 3.
2121. Comments on a letter from Mrs Moss, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3.
2222. Pursuing Literature in Australia', Bulletin, 21 January 1899, Red Page; SHL, iii, 404.
2323. Henry Lawson to ? George Robertson, n.d., Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 2.
2424. C. O. Palmer, 'Henry Lawson, Australian Poet, Spent Five Happy Months Near Kaikoura', Star (Christchurch), 4 June 1927, p. 23.
2525. 'Elderman's Lane: The Kids', Bulletin, 19 June 1913, p. 48; Henry Lawson to ? George Robertson, n.d., Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184; Item 1; Henry Lawson to Hugh MacCallum, 25 June 1897, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7.
2626. 'A Daughter of Maoriland', SHL, i, 402.
2727. Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, ch. iv.
2828. Charles Kingsley, Westward Ho.!, ch. xxvii.
2929. Loc. cit.
3030. Op. cit., chs. xxv, xxvii.
3131. 'The Old Mile Tree', Miscellaneous MSS.—Verse, i, 111, Mitchell Library A1869; Bulletin, 23 November 1911, p. 44.

7 Lawson's Aesthetic Crisis

11. Cervus Wright, 'Cruise of the Crow: A Recruiting Yarn', Henry Lawson Scrapbook, iii, 671. CV, 297,, gives source as Truth, 29 May 1892.
22. Arthur H. Adams, 'The Experiences of Clarence. Ill—The Real Maori Maid', Lone Hand, 1 February 1908, pp. 381-7.
33. Jessie Weston, Ko Mèri, pp. 236-7.
44. Robert H. Scott, Ngamihi, or The Maori Chief's Daughter, p. 157.
55. F. Rollett, 'Pomare's Death', Bulletin, 10 July 1897, p. 28.
66. F. Rollett, 'Ripene Manga', Bulletin, 4 September 1897, p. 31.
77. David McKee Wright, 'Hawaiki', Bulletin, 15 December 1903, Red Page.
88. 'Rewi to Grey', Worker (Sydney), 18 August 1894, p. 3; 'Ake! Ake! The Last Stand of the Maoris', Worker (Sydney), 23 September 1894, p. 1.
99. Bulletin, 10 July 1897, p. 10.
1010. Ibid., 24 July 1897, p. 10; 17 July 1897, p. 10.
1111. The Antipodean, 3, 1897, pp. 26, 31, 29.
1212. Alfred A. Grace, 'Pirimona', Bulletin, 24 July 1897, p. 27.
1313. Alfred A. Grace, 'Told in the Puia', Bulletin, 31 July 1897, P. 28.
1414. Henry Lawson to Lord Beauchamp, 19 January 1900, Mitchell Library MS. A 3102.
1515. 'A Daughter of Maoriland', The Antipodean, 3, 1897, p. 34.
1616. Henry Lawson to Angus and Robertson, 14 January 1899, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 8.
1717. The MS. of 'The Writer's Dream' is in Australian Manuscripts, ii, Alexander Turnbull Library MS. Q 091.
1818. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, p. 73; C. H. Bertie, 'On the Trail of Henry Lawson', The Home, August 1929, p. 92.
1919. Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, pp. 260-1.
2020. Henry Lawson. Draft of letter to editor of Lone Hand, 7 November 1907, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 8. See also C. H. Bertie, 'On the Trail of Henry Lawson', The Home, August 1929, p. 82; Denton Prout, Henry Lawson, the Grey Dreamer, p. 261.
2121. Bertha Lawson, My Henry Lawson, p. 127; Rebecca Wiley, 8 July 1943. in Mutch papers, Item 25.
2222. T. D. Mutch to Mr Cousins, 27 July 1943, Mutch papers, Item 21.
2323. See The Polychrome: 'Selected Poems' of Henry Lawson, Mitchell Library MS. A 1871; Correspondence re Selected Poems of Henry Lawson, Mitchell Library MS. A 1875.
2424. Henry Lawson, Verses: Emendations by McKee Wright and others, vol. 3, Mitchell Library MS. A 1880.
2525. Charles Oscar Palmer, 'Henry Lawson …', Star (Christchurch), 4 June 1927, p. 23.
2626. 'The author' might be any of several writers. If one takes 'ancient lore' to mean pre-European traditions, the first work to come to mind is Sir George Grey's Polynesian Mythology published in English in 1855 and 1885. But Tregear himself had written on 'Old Maori Civilization' in Transactions of the N.Z. Institute, 1894, and on 'The Maoris of New Zealand' in the Journal of the Anthropological Institute, 1890. Other candidates are Richard Taylor's Te Ika a Maui (1855, 1870), Edward Shortland's Traditions and Superstitions of the New Zealanders (1854, 1856), John White's Ancient History of the Maori (1887-90, 1891), 'Lectures on Maori Customs and Superstitions', (AJHR, 1861) and Te Rou or the Maori at Home (1874). Though they could hardly be called 'ancient lore' Lawson had read F. E. Maning, Old New Zealand (1863, 1876), and probably W. T. L. Travers, Some Chapters in the Life and Times of Te Rauparaha (1872) and possibly J. W. Stack, Kaiapohia, the Story of a Siege (1893). Any or all of these works could have been brought to his attention by Tregear. Grey, Taylor, and Maning were recommended in the Native Schools Code.
2727. Comments on a letter from Mrs Moss, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3.
2828. Emma Brooks to J. F. Thomas, 28 February 1924, Mitchell Library MS. Al 29/-2.
2929. T. Inglis Moore, 'The Rise and Fall of Henry Lawson', Meanjin, XVI, 4, December 1957, p. 371.

Epilogue

11. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 27 May 1959.
22. Mrs M. E. Moss to Henry Lawson, 27 November 1910, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3.
33. Henry Lawson to George Robertson, 28 March 1917, Correspondence re Selected Poems of Henry Lawson, ii, 260.
44. 'The Land of Living Lies' (1908), Verse and Prose, p. 84, Dixson Library MS. Q 39.
55. Henry Lawson to George Robertson, n.d., Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 1.
66. Certified copy of entry of death in the Registrar-General's Office, N.Z., 5 May 1967.
77. Comments on a letter from Mrs Moss, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3.
88. Arthur S. Thomson, The Story of New Zealand, vol. i, pp. 264-6. See also Historical Records of Australia, Series I, XVI (1831-2), pp. 237-9.
99. Edward Shortland, The Southern Districts of New Zealand, pp. 4-6.
1010. Taare Wetere Te Kahu, 'The Wars of Kai-Tahu (Ngai-Tahu) with Kati- Toa (Ngati-Toa)', Journal of the Polynesian Society, X, 38, June 1901, pp. 96-7.
1111. J. W. Stack, Kaiapohia, the Story of a Siege, pp. 43-4. Reprinted as 'The Sacking of Kaiapohia' in W. T. L. Travers and J. W. Stack, The Stirring Times of Te Rauparaha, Whitcombe and Tombs, Christchurch, [1906].
1212. W. T. L. Travers, Some Chapters in the Life and Times of Te Rauparaha, Chief of the Ngatitoa, pp. 62-3. Reprinted in W. T. L. Travers and J. W. Stack, The Stirring Times of Te Rauparaha (see Note 11).
1313. Ema Turumeke, 'Narrative of the Battle of Omihi', Journal of the Polynesian Society, III, 2, June 1894, pp. 106-8.
1414. Henry Lawson to James Edmond, n.d., Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 3.
1515. J. McCausland, 'A Poet in Leeton', 28 June 1917, Mutch papers, Item 23.
1616. William Wood, 'To the Memory of Henry Lawson', 2 August 1931, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 6.
1717. CV, 337.
1818. Will Lawson, 'Henry Lawson and his Ghost', N.Z. Listener, 23 January 1953, P. 8.
1919. 'I took your idea up, re Henry Lawson, but linked myself with it, and called it Henry Lawson's Ghost…. Also put in some stuff Bertha gave me'.—Will Lawson to Pat Lawlor, 5 October 1952, Alexander Turnbull Library MS.
2020. A. G. Stephens, 'Lawsoniana: Interview with Gertrude Lawson', 3 March 1933, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item 7.
2121. 'A Note from Henry at the Coast Hospital', Bulletin, 22 September 1921, p. 27; 'The Low Lighthouse', Bulletin, 17 November 1921, p. 47.
2222. Henry Lawson to Walter Walker, 27 September 1921, Mitchell Library Uncat. MSS. Set 184, Item'8.
2323. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 27 May 1959.
2424. AJHR, 1924, E-3, p. 4; 1906, E-1, p. 49.
2525. E. T. Baas to J. F. Thomas, 26 January 1925, Mitchell Library MS. A1 29/-2.
2626. J. M. Sherrard, personal communication, 31 January 1965.