Tenei ano etahi kupu, ko te who, ko te which; kahore o te reo Maoro kupu pumau hei whakarite. Ko aua page 30 kupu ano e whakahuatia pataitia ra i etahi [unclear: wharang] tenei pukapuka (Part I., page 20) mo enei kupu [unclear: Ma] mo te wai, mo te tehea. Ma nga kupu e mau i raro [unclear: a] nei ka kitea ai te tikanga mo te whakahua i te who, [unclear: i] which.

Who. Whose. Whom.

Mo te tangata enei: ko te tangata, ko tona ingoa [unclear: ra] e matua whakahuatia, muri iho, ko te who, ko te [unclear: wh] ranei, ko te whom ranei.

I.

Who.

II.

Whose.

III.

Whom.

The man whom you saw.	Te tangata i kite ai koe.
The boy whom he taught.	Tana tamaiti i wha-[unclear: kaako] ai.
The men whom I sent to town.	Nga tangata i tonoa [unclear: e] au ki te taone.
John, whom you saw working here to-day, is going page 32 to Tauranga.	E haere ana ki Tauranga a Hoani i nei koe inaianei e mahi ana i konei.
The woman to whom the letter was written.	wahine i tuhituhia nei ki a ia te pukapuka.
The chief for whom John built a house.	Te [unclear: ran] tira, i hangaa nei e Hoani he whare mona.
That is the man with whom I worked.	Ko te [unclear: tan] tera i mahi tahi ra maua.
Here is the man by whom the letter was [unclear: brou]	Tenei te tangata nana nei i kawe mai te pukapuka.
James is the man of whom I spoke to you yesterday.	Ko Hemi te tangata i korero ra ahau ki a koe [unclear: inarnd]

IV.

Which.

Ko tenei, mo te kararehe, mo te manu, mo te mo te ngarara, mo nga mea ano hoki kahore nei he nawa ora; e kore hoki e tika kia whakahuatia te mo enei.

The tree which stands behind the house.	Te [unclear: r] e tu i tua o te whare.
The dog which sleeps yonder is mine.	Naku te e moe mai ra.
Those are the ships which came in on Wednessday.	Ko nga kaipuka era i u mai i te Wenerei.
This is the tree which you planted last year.	[unclear: E] rakau tenei i whakatohia ra e koe i tera tau.
That is the horse which I bought from Peter.	[unclear: E] hoiho tena i hokona nei e au ki a Pita.
The house which you saw me building was [unclear: Jo]	No Hoani te whare i kite ra koe e hanga ana au.page 33
The house to which I went is Joseph's.	No Hohepa [unclear: e] whare i haere atu ai ahau.
The tree to which your clog was tied was a rimu.	He [unclear: imu] te rakau i herea ai to kuri.
The island on which they fought was Motiti.	Ko Motiti te motu i whawhai nei raua.
That is the tree on which the pigeon lighted.	Ko te [unclear: akau] tena i tati ai te kukupa.
John went to see the church at which my father and another were married.	I haere a Hoani kia kite i te [unclear: whare]-karakia i marenatia ai toku papa raua ko toku whaea.
That is the place at which the man was killed.	Ko [unclear: e] wahi tera i patua ai te tangata.
The house in which Peter was horn is pulled down.	Kua tukitukia te whare i whanau ai a Pita.
The book in which I wrote their names is burnt.	Kua wera te pukapuka i tuhituhia ai e an o ratou ingoa.
Whose is that house the roof of which is iron.	No wai te whare he rino nei te tuanui?
China is the country from which tea is brought.	Ko china te whenua e mauria mai nei i reira te ti.
The road by which Hongi came.	Te huarahi i na reira mai nei a Hongi.

V.

Ko enei kupu ririki, in, to, at, of, from, by, he wahi [unclear: ano], ka piri aua kupu ki te whom, ki te which : he wahi [unclear: ano], ka motuhake ke : ina hoki e tika taki ana enei e [unclear: rua];

The house in which Peter was born.

The house which Peter was born in.

Me enei;

The island on which they fought.

The island which they fought on.

He korerotanga ano i piri ai te in, me te on, [unclear: k] which, i kiia ai, "in which Peter was born" on [unclear: w] they fought:" he korerotanga ano i motuhake ke [unclear: a] te mutunga o te kupu, i kiia ai, "which Peter wash [unclear: b] in" "which they fought on"

The roads which the two parties came by. [unclear: N] huarahi i haere mai ai nga ope e rua.

VI.

What.

He kupu ke ano tenei, ara, te what, kahore neit [unclear: o] reo Maori kupu pumau hei whakarite. E [unclear: whakahua] pataitia ana hoki i mua ake nei mo te aha. Ko [unclear: te] whakahuatanga e takoto ake nei, ma nga kupu ka [unclear: ki] ai te tikanga.

This is what I said.	Koia tenei taku i ki atu ai.
Remember what I told you yesterday.	Kia [unclear: mah] ki taku i korero ai ki a koe inanahi.
Did you find what you were looking for?	I [unclear: K] ranei koe i tau mea i rapu ra?page 35
Listen to me, that you may know what to tell George to-morrow.	Whakarongo mai ki a au, Ida mohio ai Koe i te mea hei korerotanga man ki a Hori apopo.

VII.

That.

Tenei tetahi kupu e rite ana ki te who, ki te which, [unclear: o] te that. Kua kitea i era whavangi etahi [unclear: whakahua]-tanga o te that mo te tena, mo te tera, mo te taua Part I., p. 15). He tikanga ke noa atu tenei; e whaka-[unclear: uatia] ana hoki mo te tangata, mo te kararehe, mo nga [unclear: ea] katoa; ina hoki enei e takoto atu nei.

Tenei te mea i rere ke ai te tikanga o te that, i to te [unclear: mich], ko nga kupu ririki i korerotia i mua ake nei, in, [unclear: o], on, at, of, from, by, e kore e piri ki te that, engari ka [unclear: otuhake] ke atu: ina hoki tenei;

Te kaipuke i rere ai matou;

E rua nga tikanga o te whakahuatanga o te which mo [unclear: tenei], ara,

1. The ship in which we sailed.

2. The ship which we sailed in.

Tena, ki te whakahuatia ko te that, kotahi [unclear: tona] tikanga; ko te in, e kore e piri ki te taha o [unclear: te] I engari ka noho ki te mutunga mai o te korero.[unclear: E] rawa e tika kia peneitia.

The ship in that we sailed;

Engari kia penei ka tika.

The ship that we sailed in.

VIII.

E toru nga tikanga mo tenei tu korero kua [unclear: wh] turia i nga wharangi i mua ake nei : ina hoki tena [unclear: k]

Te tangata i korero atu ra koe ki a ia; e rite [unclear: tab] taha, te tika o enei.

• 1. The man to whom you spoke.
• 2. The man whom you spoke to.
• 3. The man that yon spoke to.

Tenei ano hoki tetahi, he reo poto, ko te whom te that, i mahue.

4 The man you spoke to;

Kei raro nei etahi kupu pena.

The teacher may familiarize the pupils with these various forms of the relativo by using, in the four different ways, all the examples which arc given under the above headings.

IX.

Where.

He kupu tenei mo te wahi kei reira nei te meatanga [unclear: o] tetahi mea, ara, mo te whenua, mo te kaainga, mo te whare, &c. Ka mahue tera tu ki, in which, ka whaka-huatia ketia ko te where. Ma nga whakahuatanga e piri [unclear: ake] nei ka marama ai te tikanga.

The house where in which I lived.	Te whare i noho ai ahau.
The place where John was born.	Te kaainga I Wha-[unclear: nau]nau ai a Hoani.
The church where they were married.	Te whare-[unclear: karakia] i marenatia ai raua.
The room where the child is sleeping.	Te ruma e moe nei te tamaiti.
That is the place where we stopped for dinner.	Ko te wahi tera i noho ai matou ki te tina.page 38
There are no trees where John is living now.	[unclear: Kaho] he rakau o te wahi e noho nei a Hoani inaianei.
It was very hot where I was working.	He [unclear: nui] wera o te wahi e mahi ra ahau.

X.

When.

He kupu tenei e whakahuatia ana nib te wa [unclear: o] ahatanga ranei, o te ahatanga ranei; he pera me whakahuatanga o te where mo te wkenua, mo te [unclear: kas] nga, &c.

Tetahi tikanga o tenei, ka wliakarerea atu [unclear: teta] wahi, ka whakahuatia tatatia ko te when anake.

Past time.	I mua.
When I was at school I was learning English.	I [unclear: au] e noho ana ki te kura e ako ana ahau i te reo English.
When I went to Waipapa there was no one living there.	I toku taenga ki Waipapa kahore he [unclear: tangata] noho ana ki reira.
The sun had set when he reached home.	I [unclear: to] taenga ki tona kaainga kua to ke te ra.page 39
I did not see you when you came here before.	Kihai ahau i kite i a koe i tou taenga mai ki konei i mua.
John was a little child when his father died	He [unclear: tamanki] ratea a Hoani i te matenga o tona papa.
When Thomas woke up from sleep we had done our breakfast.	Te ohonga ake o Tamati i te moe, kua mutu ke ta matou parakuihi.
It was dark when he had done feeding the horses.	Te mutunga o tana whangai i nga hoiho, kua po.

Tenei ano tetahi tikanga ano te whakahua i te when.

I do not know when we shall go to Waikato. Kahore [unclear: ahau] e mohio ki te ra e haere ai matou ki Waikato.

Do you remember when John went to live at [unclear: Whanganui]? E mahara ana ranei koe lei te wa i haere ai a Hoani ki Whanganui noho ai.

Peter will tell you when George's sickness began. page 40 Ma Pita e korero ki a koe te ica i timata ai te [unclear: mata] Hori.

Tera atu ano etalii tikanga o to where, o te when, [unclear: ko] ake nei ka whakamaramatia ai.

Other uses of where and when will be explained hereafter.