page 379

Index

• Abbott, Maj R. B., 142, 190–1

• Abbott, Capt R. J., 144

• Afrika Korps, 3

• Agnone, 47, 52, 164

• 1 Air Landing Light Regt, 98, 109

• 12 Air Support Command, 244

• Aislabie, Capt W. R., 191

• Aked, Lt-Col E. W., 114

• Albaneta Farm, 200, 214, 223, 226, 255, 259, 262, 310–11

• Alexander, Fd Mshl Earl: Commands armies in Tunisia, 11; commands 15 Army Gp, 15; Italian armistice, 16; requests services of 2 NZ Div in Sicily, 29; requests delay in publication of despatch by Freyberg, 36–7; sets winter objectives, 42; possibility of German counter-attack, 43; plans seaborne landing, 44; plans to transfer strength to western side of peninsula, 149–50; withdraws 2 NZ Div from 8 Army to Naples area, 178; reinforcing of NZ Div, 181–2; plans for NZ Corps, 182; Cassino: warns NZ Corps to take over Americans' sector, 193; orders advance up Liri valley when weather suitable, 194; views on bombing of abbey, 207; decision on, 207–8; launching of May offensive, 218; visits Corps front, 241; directive of 11 Feb 1944, 237; plan for spring offensive, 241–2; Freyberg visits, 244; opinion on bombing a way through Cassino, 245; writes to Freyberg, 253; watches bombing of Cassino, 267; opinion of German troops, 269; message from Churchill, 319; summons Freyberg to conference, 319; signal from Churchill, 324, 327; plans major regrouping at Cassino, 326–7; use of 78 Div, 330, 350; final conferences at 5 Army, 330; decision telephoned to Freyberg, 330; strategic regrouping, 331, 343; masses forces for broad-fronted offensive, 337; third battle of Cassino, 338; considers three-to-one superiority indispensable, 339; employment of NZ Div, 342; calls off operation, 352

  • Mentioned: 16, 18, 35, 176, 199

• Alexandria: Departure of NZ Div from for Italy, 37, 39

• Alife, 180, 185, 186–7

• Allfrey, Lt-Gen C. W., 62

• Altamura, 39, 61

• Altino, 63

• Ancona, 42

• Anzio: 6 US Corps lands at, 181; strength of German resistance, 181; first German counter-attack towards, 183; Senger proposes withdrawal from Cassino front, 193; German counter-attacks at, 194; enemy effort to destroy bridgehead, 199, 209; counter-offensive at, 220; German counter-attack on, 224, 225, 226, 227, 229, 237; enemy defeat at, 241

  • Mentioned: 177–8, 204, 207, 208, 209, 241, 242, 243, 245, 252, 262, 300, 327, 342

• Archi, 49, 52, 60, 103

• Arezzo, 42

• Arielli, 109, 110, 123, 124, 127, 128, 129, 134–6, 138, 139–40, 142, 150, 158, 162, 165

• Arielli R., 136, 143–4, 145, 153, 154, 156, 157, 179

• Arnold, Gen H. H., 246

• Aronda, 37

• Ascensione Stream, 250, 262, 315

• Asher, 2 Lt G. A., 190

• Atessa, 46, 47, 49–50, 53, 60, 62, 65, 103

• Atina, 260, 313

• 9 Australian Division, 25–6

• Aventino R., 47, 68, 102, 103, 150

• Avezzano, 44, 45, 95, 176

• Baade, Lt-Gen E., 74, 188, 221, 225, 235, 260, 362

• Badoglio, Mshl P., 14, 15, 17

• Bailey, Maj H., 57, 122, 142, 322

• Bari, 39, 41

• Barone, Colle, 65, 72, 74, 75–6, 150, 160, 172

• Barnett, Lt-Col A. W., 294

• Barton, Maj P. A., 125, 131, 310, 311

• Battles Nomenclature Committee, 339 (fn)

• Belvedere, Colle, 226, 262

• Berger, Lt-Col, 128

• Beswick, Lt C. C, 293

• Bianco, Colle, 150, 159, 160, 172

• Bonifant, Brig I. L.: Commands 6 Bde, 253, 346

  • Mentioned: 46, 191, 278, 281, 293, 299, 302, 349

• Borrie, Maj A. W. H., 294

• Brecciarola Ridge, 90–1, 92, 96, 102, 106, 108, 114, 116–17, 121, 140, 150, 152, 161

• Bridges:

  • Heartbeat, 78

  • Hongi, 139, 163, 165

  • Lobe, 73, 78, 102

  • Tiki, 78, 102, 139, 151, 165

  page 380

• Brindisi, 41

• British Forces—

  • 1 Army, 11

  • 8 Army: Invasion of Sicily, 14; plans for invading Italy, 15; lands in Italy, 16; 2 NZ Div to rejoin, 35; orders move to Altamura, 39; changes plan, 40; Sangro campaign, 41–2, 44–5, 48, 62, 67, 78; operation torso, 106; regrouping of, 119; original Allied plan to converge on Rome, 139; need to draw enemy forces from Russia and Second Front, 140; Montgomery recommends temporary halt in offensive, 149; 2 NZ Div leaves, 152; planning, 176; Lt-Gen Leese is new commander, 182; Alexander's plans for, 241; 78 Div transferred from, 251, 261; NZ and Indian divisions transferred from, 261; assumes command of most of British troops in Italy, 327; Alexander's regrouping, 331

    • Mentioned: 4, 9, 11, 95, 150, 197

  • 2 Army Group, Royal Artillery, 182, 258, 260

  • 6 Army Group, Royal Artillery, 98, 133, 140, 162

  • 13 Infantry Brigade, 150

  • 15 Brigade, 150, 158

  • 17 Infantry Brigade, 119, 121, 127, 130, 133, 137

  • Buffs, the, 319

  • 2 Cameron Highlanders, 247, 254

  • 5 Corps: Wins foothold north of Trigno R., 44: reaches south bank of Sangro, 44; Sangro campaign, 56–7, 62, 63, 67–8, 74, 80; battle of Orsogna, 101; operation Torso, 110; embarks on full-scale offensive, 118, 121, 122; draws near Ortona, 138; Alexander's regrouping, 331

    • Mentioned: 46, 95, 150, 180

  • 6 Corps, 242

  • 10 Corps: crossing of Volturno R., 42; Garigliano R., 181; at Cassino, 186; breaching of German Winter Line, 217; assistance to NZ Corps, 227; operation dickens, 266, 275

    • Mentioned: 15, 251

  • 13 Corps: Enters Foggia, 41; first battle of Orsogna, 105; at Sfasciata, 119; policy to clear Arielli with 5 Div, 140; to relieve NZ Corps at Cassino, 327; Freyberg confers with commander, 328; Alexander's regrouping, 331; captures commander of 4 Parachute Division, 334; forces crossing of Liri R., 337; advance up Liri valley, 340

    • Mentioned: 15, 44, 46, 133, 149, 150

  • 30 Corps, 27

  • 4 Division, 331

  • 5 Division, 44, 119, 133, 134, 137, 140, 142, 150, 158, 160

  • 51 (Highland) Division, 27

  • 78 Division, 41, 44, 47, 54, 101, 119, 150, 160, 251, 257–8, 261, 265, 299, 314–15, 316, 319, 320, 323, 324, 327–9, 330–1, 350

  • 1 East Surrey Regt, 251, 257

  • 1/4 Essex Regt, 286–7, 292, 302, 306

  • 309–10, 311, 315, 333

  • 1/5 Essex Regt, 49, 58

  • 3 Field Regt, RA, 46, 58, 65

  • 98 Field Regt, RA, 272, 275

  • 111 Field Regt, RA, 109, 160

  • 10 Field Squadron, 102

  • 2 Independent Parachute Brigade, 105, 150

  • 2 Lancashire Fusiliers, 251, 315

  • 6 Lancers, 74, 100

  • 42 Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, 106

  • 80 Medium Regt, RA, 65

  • 5 Northamptonshire Regiment, 134–5, 251

  • 4 Parachute Battalion, 105, 150, 158, 159

  • 5 Parachute Battalion, 105, 150, 158, 160

  • 6 Parachute Battalion, 106, 150, 152, 158

  • 2 Parachute Brigade, 109, 120, 136, 138, 150, 158

  • 56 Reconnaissance Regt, 319

  • 6/13 Royal Frontier Force Rifles, 49

  • 1 Royal Sussex Regt, 179, 199, 223, 227, 254

  • 101 Royal Tank Regt, 179

  • Royal West Kent Regt, 314–15, 318, 321, 325, 332, 334

• Brooke, Gen Sir A. (Fd Mshl Lord Alanbrooke), 177

• Brown, 2 Lt J., 234

• Brown, Maj K. L., 124

• Brown, Capt P. G., 292

• Brownlie, Capt J. N., 164

• Budge, Lt I. G., 276

• Burrows, Brig J. T., 257, 320, 326

• Burton, Maj A. E., 190

• Cairo, Monte, 181, 187–8, 214, 225, 263, 310, 344

• — village, 197, 198, 248, 309, 331

• Campbell, Col T. C, 49

• 1 Canadian Division, 41, 44, 47, 101, 118

• Cannon, Maj-Gen J. K., 245

• Carey, Maj D., 273

• Casablanca, conference, 12, 18

• Casalanguida, 46, 48, 49

• Casoli, 59, 62, 63, 105, 150

• Cassino: 5 Army thrust towards, 178; fighting in hills, 181; Freyberg's plans for clearing Cassino headland, 183; NZ Div moves into battle area, 185; NZ Corps takes over command of Rapido line, 187; German defences, 189; final attempt by Americans ordered, 192; Freyberg's plans for capture, 193; attack by Americans repelled, 193; Senger proposes page 381 withdrawal behind Anzio bridgehead, 193; preparation for attack on, 194; attack postponed, 195; relief of 2 US Corps by NZ Corps, 197; history of monastery, 201–2; plans for attack on, 243, 245; opinions on, 246; operation Dickens, 246–64; German defences strengthened, 262; final NZ Corps plan of attack, 263; bombing of, 267–9; casualties, 268; effect on German defences, 268–9; artillery bombardment, 269–70, 275–6; tank battle, 272–4; infantry fighting, 277, 280–93, 297, 299, 302, 347, 349; German outlook, 278–9; break-down of communications, 281–2, 293; armoured assistance for infantry, 282–3, 285; air support, 285–6; NZ casualties, 299; clearing of by NZ Corps, 301, 302; loss of smoke cover, 317; communications (March attack), 317, 323–4, 348; final decisions, 328–9; regrouping of Alexander's forces, 331; NZers' regrouping in, 334, 336; sufficiency of infantry in, 299, 305; operation Revenge, 309; second battle of, 316, 343; discussion of the battle, 341–53, Freyberg plans second battle, 342; demerits of bombing plan, 344–6; casualties, 286, 299, 341, 345; third battle of, 337, 338; lessons of, 338–41; street fighting in, 351; NZers' mistakes in second battle, 352; tunnels, 357

• — Castle Hill, 249, 255, 263, 269, 270, 272–7, 281, 286–8, 292–3, 297, 299, 301, 302–3, 306, 307, 309–10, 315, 322, 325, 330, 333, 336, 351

• — Hangman's Hill, 264, 277, 286–8, 291, 299, 301, 302–3, 306, 310, 312, 314, 321, 330, 332, 349–50

• — ‘Madras Circus’, 254–5, 265, 310, 312

• — Maiola, Colle, 249, 251, 254, 310

• — Railway station, 226, 229, 232–6, 236–7, 239, 240, 250–1, 262, 264–5, 271, 284, 289, 291, 293–6, 296, 297–8, 300–1, 304, 307, 309, 313, 314, 318–19, 331, 336, 340, 347

• — Roads: Caruso road, 248, 267, 269, 272–3, 274, 276, 321, 333, 334, 347; Cavendish road, 254–5, 265, 288, 309, 310; Parallel road, 248, 249, 250, 272, 334; Pasquale road, 248, 249, 250, 272–3, 276, 298, 315, 334

• — Route 6, 180, 183, 185–7, 188–9, 191, 193–4, 197, 222, 227, 244, 247–8, 250, 257, 259–61, 262, 263, 270–1, 273, 275, 277, 279–80, 281–3, 284–6, 288, 293, 295, 297–8, 303–4, 307, 309, 313–16, 318, 322–6, 334, 336, 344, 347, 350

• Castelfrentano, 62–3, 66, 67, 77–8, 79–80, 82, 83, 85, 87, 92–3, 97–8, 103, 109, 125, 134, 138, 149, 150, 151, 165–6, 179

• Castellone, Monte, 192, 193, 197–8, 262, 263, 344

• Castiglione Messer Marino, 48, 52

• Cervaro, 262, 267

• Chiamato, Colle, 82, 85, 159

• Chieti, 62, 83, 162–3

• Christy, Maj B. G., 237

• Churchill, Sir W.: Plans for war in Mediterranean, 4, 177–8; Mediterranean as ‘Third front’, 9; renews plea for North African venture, 10; urges attack on Italian mainland, 13; concern for security of Middle East, 25; plea to leave 2 NZ Div in Middle East, 25–8, 30; approves NZ Parliament's decision, 31; inquiry about attack on Cassino, 316; signal to Alexander, 324, 327; interest in Mediterranean campaign, 342

  • Mentioned: 18, 341

  • Quoted: 11, 12, 30, 42, 177, 178, 183, 208, 242, 319, 337

• Clark, Gen Mark W.: Prepares plans for landing in Gulf of Salerno, 14; orders pause on Garigliano R., 44; 5 Army ordered to thrust towards Cassino, 178; plans turning movement in Liri valley, 181; orders attack on Gustav line to continue, 181; orders NZ Corps to relieve 36 US Div, 183; views on bombing of abbey, 207–8; breaching of German Winter Line, 217; Freyberg's plan to use heavy bombers, 244; considers chances of NZ success, 253; watches bombing of Cassino, 267; urges use of more infantry (March attack), 293; on timing of assault on monastery, 299; visits Corps HQ, 328; concurs with Freyberg's final decision, 330; Freyberg's views on casualties, 352

  • Mentioned: 193, 214, 220

  • Quoted: 207, 208, 211, 212, 245

• Clarke, Maj E. S., 114

• Coe, Lt F. R., 250

• Connolly, Lt-Col J. R. J., 186, 250, 317

• Conolly, Lt-Col J., 53, 92–3, 115

• Corsica, 13, 15

• Crapp, 2 Lt L. T., 146, 237

• Crecchio, 150, 158

• Crump, Brig S. H., 34, 236

• Cunningham, Admiral of the Fleet Viscount, 37

• Curtin, Rt. Hon. J., 25–6, 28

• Davin, Maj D. M., 326

• Deans, Maj H. H., 124

• Dempsey, Lt-Gen M. C, 119, 136, 139, 140, 158

• Diamare, Bishop G., 211, 212

• Dickinson, Maj A. H., 114, 124, 126

• Dimoline, Brig H. W., 197, 199–200

• 205–6, 209–10, 219–20, 223, 229, 330

• Drinkhall, Lt M. R., 287, 291–2

• Duncan's Road, 139, 148, 163, 164

• Dunottar Castle, 37

• Eaker, Lt-Gen I. C, 204, 214, 246, 267

• Edgar, Capt S. J., 122

• Egger, Col R., 262, 333–4

  page 382

• Eisenhower, Gen Dwight D.: Recommends attack on Italian mainland, 14; broadcasts Italian surrender, 17; planning of operation Shingle, 177; directive to all commanders at Cassino, 204, 208

  • Mentioned: 11, 12

  • Quoted: 5, 212

• Emery, Maj T. G., 99

• Esson, Capt W. K., 251

• Everist, Lt-Col A. M., 49

• Fairbrother, Brig M. C, 65, 113, 127, 131

• Faram, Maj L. F., 196, 276

• Farnell, Capt E., 57

• Filetto, 109, 119, 128, 140, 145

• Fitzgibbon, Lt R. G., 190

• Florence, 42

• Foggia, 18, 39, 41–2, 43, 252

• Fontegrande Ridge, 136, 140, 143, 146–7, 148, 150, 152–8, 159, 161–2 Forbes, Sgt W. N., 295

• Foro R., 95, 133–4

• Fountaine, Col D. J., 53

• Fraser, Maj A. J., 294

• Fraser, Rt. Hon. P., 25–6

• French Expeditionary Corps, 181, 217, 247, 255, 265, 275, 310, 331

• Freyberg, Lt-Gen Lord: Discusses future of 2 NZ Div and furlough scheme, 29; on reputation of Division, 29–30; approves Parliament's decision, 31; command of Division, 32; returns to NZ, 32; reports on deficiencies in equipment, 35; publication of despatch, 36; forbids day patrols across Sangro, 57; orders capture of hilly ground, 58; orders for crossing of Sangro, 63; cancels night assault on Castelfrentano, 79; urges drive into enemy's final line, 83; critical importance of Orsogna, 94; concern for Montgomery's safety, 98; at first battle of Orsogna, 99, 103; initiates planning for attack on Orsogna, 101; sends fighting patrol to Casoli, 105; decision to launch divisional attack, 105–6; attack on Orsogna, operation Torso, 115; sanctions withdrawal of 24 Bn, 115; bombing of Orsogna, 115; favours thrust along Sfasciata Ridge, 117; abandons attack on Sfasciata, 118; orders active patrolling, 118; contemplates attack by 5 Bde, 118–19; operation Florence: considers Orsogna about to fall, 128; hopeful of enemy withdrawal, 134; concern at loss of tanks, 137; still hopeful of fall of Orsogna, 139; preference for circling move, 139; interest in Duncan's Road, 139; ponders alternative uses for 19 Regt, 145; designates policy of Division as ‘offensive defence’, 149, 155; reverses Kippenberger's orders at Fontegrande Ridge, 145; refuses to relinquish Fontegrande spur, 145, 154; examines reports after Orsogna, 172; inspects ceremonial parades, Volturno area, 180; commands NZ Corps, 182; plans for clearing of Cassino headland, 183; orders 5 Bde to reconnoitre Rapido R., 190; plans for NZ Corps, 193; considers chances of success, 193; warns 4 Ind Div to be ready to attack, 197, 224; impatient at delays, 199; refuses to see Kippenberger and Dimoline together, 200; recommends bombing of monastery, 205; communication from Tuker on bombing of monastery, 206–7; request to 5 Army for bombing of monastery, 207; argument for bombing, 208; difficulties, 209, 217–18; telephone conversations with Dimoline, 209–10; opinion on effect of bombing on Germans, 222; urges change of tactics, 223; concern at delays, 225; under pressure to renew attack on monastery, 229; Dimoline opposes attack, 229; Freyberg agrees Indians should reorganise, 229; optimistic about crossing of Rapido, 235–6; attack on station, 240; fresh ideas for reducing fortress, 241, 242, 243; plan to demolish town by heavy bombers, 244–6; lays plan before Clark, 244; general approval by Wilson and Alexander, 244; operation Dickens, 251, 252–4, 265, 278, 286, 289, 292, 293, 297; contemplates alternative plans, 299; doubts on armoured right hook, 300; shortage of infantry in Cassino, 305; regrouping of infantry, 314–15; March attack, 316; considers whether Corps should persist in plan, 316; deplores partial relief of 25 Bn, 317; instructions on withdrawal of 19 Regt, 317; Alexander summons to conference, 319; sets high store on drive by 21 Bn, 323–4; determined to pursue his advantage, 324; approves fire on southern entrance to Cassino, 326; employment of 78 Div, 328; confers with commander of 13 Corps, 328; final decision, 328–30; advises operation should be suspended, 330; evacuation of troops on Monastery Hill, 332; employment of Dominion troops, 342; plans second battle of Cassino, 342–3; responds to pleas of Clark and Galloway and releases infantry, 349; not prepared to hazard more casualties, 351–2

  • Mentioned: 83, 97, 121, 149

  • Quoted: 114

• Furci, 45

• Furness, Capt J. G., 293, 295

• Frisa, 100

• Gaeta, Gulf of, 43, 181

• Galloway, Maj-Gen A., 289, 299–300, 305, 311–12, 314, 330, 334, 349, 351

  page 383

• Gari R., 180–1, 224, 229, 231, 233, 236, 244, 264, 296, 299, 315, 324, 329, 350

• Garigliano R., 43–4, 181, 185, 189, 242, 262, 336

• Gentry, Maj-Gen W. G., 32–3

• German Forces—

  • IV Alpine Battalion, 105

  • 10 Army, 67, 71, 73, 80, 104, 157, 179 181, 203–4, 213, 226, 235, 290, 300, 337, 353

  • 14 Army, 224

  • Army Group C, 179

  • 414 Artillery Regt, 260

  • Berger Battle Group, 67, 76

  • 65 Division, 47, 67, 70, 73–4, 75, 77, 80–2, 86, 101, 110, 116, 128, 140, 152

  • 71 Division, 262

  • Hermann Goering Division, 202

  • 44 Infantry Division, 188, 262

  • 94 Infantry Division, 188

  • 334 Infantry Division, 152, 157, 160

  • 132 Infantry Regt, 214

  • 755 Infantry Regt, 153

  • 5 Mountain Division, 188, 275

  • 14 Panzer Corps, 188–9, 198, 204, 211, 213, 220, 235, 261, 262, 278, 300, 314, 320, 333–4, 336, 341, 353

  • 76 Panzer Corps, 67, 82, 97, 104, 109, 115, 147, 157, 179

  • 16 Panzer Division, 47, 49, 58, 67

  • 26 Panzer Division, 67, 77, 80–2, 86, 87, 88–9, 92, 97, 101–2, 105, 110, 115, 123, 128, 133, 140, 151, 152, 155, 157, 162

  • 93 Panzer Engineer Battalion, 102

  • 15 Panzer Grenadier Division, 188, 192, 261, 290, 321

  • 29 Panzer Grenadier Division, 220

  • 90 Panzer Grenadier Division, 81–2, 100, 101, 110, 116, 152, 188, 198, 213, 220, 225, 226, 228, 236, 240, 260, 261–2, 278

  • 9 Panzer Grenadier Regt, 67, 82, 88, 110, 112, 123, 126, 128, 130, 134 67 Panzer Grenadier Regt, 159

  • 104 Panzer Grenadier Regt, 262

  • 115 Panzer Grenadier Regt, 262, 290, 301, 320

  • 129 Panzer Grenadier Regt, 251

  • 200 Panzer Grenadier Regt, 198

  • 361 Panzer Grenadier Regt, 226, 232

  • 5 Panzer Reconnaissance Unit, 312

  • 26 Panzer Reconnaissance Unit, 86, 110, 115, 159

  • 4 Panzer Regt, 321

  • 26 Panzer Regt, 112, 114

  • 1 Parachute Division, 58, 110, 152, 153, 225, 262, 289, 300, 333, 339, 348, 352

  • 1 Parachute Machine Gun Battalion, 227, 262

  • 1 Parachute Regt, 82, 213, 226, 239, 263, 301, 325

  • 3 Parachute Regt, 227, 262, 279, 320, 353

  • 4 Parachute Regt, 110, 115, 153, 262, 290, 309, 312, 334

  • 6 Parachute Regt, 128–9, 134, 145, 152 146 Regt, 70, 82, 87, 90, 110, 112–13, 126, 146, 151, 152, 155–6, 159

  • 211 Regt, 226, 235, 236, 239, 240, 262

  • 754 Regt, 160

  • 755 Regt, 155, 157

  • 756 Regt, 160

  • 71 Werfer Regt, 278

• Germany: Joins Tripartite Pact of 27 Sep 1940, 3; declares war on USA, 4

  • Mentioned: 15

• Gissi, 45, 46, 60, 61

• Grant, Lt-Col D. G., 126

• Graziosi, Father O., 212

• Greece, invasion of, 3

• Griggs, Capt R. N., 295

• Gruenther, Maj-Gen A. M., 193, 207, 253

• Guardiagrele, 63, 66, 77, 80, 81, 83, 85, 87, 88, 95, 96, 98, 100, 119, 126, 136, 141, 151, 155, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164

• Gustav Line, 180–1, 183, 188, 225, 226, 339, 340

• Hanson, Brig F. M. H., 34, 196, 254, 289, 314, 344

• Harding, Lt-Gen A. F., 207

• Hartnell, Brig S. F., 194, 248, 256

• Harvey, Maj D. P. W., 296

• Hawkesby, Maj G. H., 122, 142

• Hay, Capt H. B., 296

• Heidrich, Lt-Gen R., 262, 290, 300, 305, 326, 345, 353, 362

• Heilmann, Col L., 262

• Henare, Lt-Col J. C., 111, 144, 237

• Herr, Lt-Gen T., 67, 80–1, 104, 107, 109, 128, 152, 362

• Hewitt, Maj S. M., 145, 256, 274

• Higginson, 2 Lt T. J., 234

• Hitler, Adolf, 2, 189, 204, 300

• Horrocks, Capt R. E., 69

• Hoy, Maj K. F., 249, 269

• II Calvario, 58

• Indian Forces—

  • 5 Brigade, 209, 247, 277, 286, 288, 291, 306, 317, 322, 329

  • 7 Brigade, 197–9, 209–10, 227–8, 247, 254, 263, 265, 285, 310, 318, 322, 329, 350

  • 7 Brigade Reconnaissance Sqn, 255, 265, 306

  • 11 Brigade, 247, 329

  • 19 Brigade, 45, 46–9, 62–3, 65, 68, 78

  • 21 Brigade, 74

  • 4 Indian Division, 176, 178, 179, 182–3, 185, 187, 193–4, 197, 198, 205–6, 209, 211, 214, 216, 223–4, 227–8, 231, 246–7, 261, 268, 289, 314, 321, 327–9, 330, 331, 344

  • 8 Indian Division, 38, 44, 45, 75, 76, 100, 118, 150

  • 4 Indian Field Company, 288

  • 1/2 Gurkha Rifles, 227–8, 254

  • 1/9 Gurkha Rifles, 227–8, 247, 286–7, 291–2, 302–4, 306, 309, 311, 315, 329, 333

    page 384

  • 2/7 Gurkha Rifles, 247, 254, 318, 321, 329

  • 3/8 Punjab Regt, 49, 51–3, 58–9

  • 4/16 Punjab Regt, 199, 227, 254

  • 1/6 Rajputana Rifles, 286–7, 291–2, 303, 306, 309

  • 4/6 Rajputana Rifles, 227–8, 306, 309, 333, 334

• Inglis, Maj-Gen L. M., 32, 33, 63

• Irving, Capt F. C., 122, 250

• Italy, 1, 2–3, 4, 12, 16, 18–19, 23, 38–9, 42, 43, 45–6, 47, 140, 150–2, 161, 164, 166, 242, 243, 327

• ‘Jittery Ridge’, 147, 154, 165

• Jones, Hon. F., 29

• Kane, Lt P. J., 79

• Keightley, Maj-Gen C.F., 251, 328

• Kensington, Lt-Col E. T., 46

• Kesselring, Fd Mshl A., 15–16, 42, 67, 73–4, 81, 128, 157, 181, 189, 203, 213, 235, 239, 261, 290, 362

• Keyes, Maj-Gen G., 197, 239

• King, Adm E, 11

• Kingscote, Maj R. G. F., 257

• Kippenberger, Maj-Gen Sir H.: Returns to NZ in command furlough draft, 33; resumes command 5 Bde, 63; assumes temporary command NZ Div, 194; opinion on bombing of monastery, 206; severely wounded, 253, 346; conferences with Freyberg, 346

  • Mentioned: 107, 109, 113, 117, 125, 131–2, 136, 145, 156, 191, 229–30, 233, 235–6, 243

  • Quoted: 153, 200, 253, 266

• Kirk, Capt V. D., 122

• Kirkland, Lt J. H., 325

• Kirkman, Gen S. C., 328, 330

• Klaus, 2 Lt C. D. M., 303

• Knuth, Maj F. W., 226

• Ladrone Stream, 251, 336

• Lanciano, 62, 66, 67, 77, 79, 84–5, 87, 90, 100–1, 103, 109, 110, 117, 119, 136

• Lawrence, Capt H. H., 56–7

• Leeks, Maj L., 272

• Leese, Lt-Gen Sir O., 182

• Lemelsen, Gen J., 71, 362

• Letitia, 37

• Liri R., 180, 188, 189, 259, 313, 327, 336

• Liri Valley, 43–4, 176, 178, 180–1, 183, 187–8, 192–3, 198, 211, 217, 224, 229, 237, 239, 243, 252, 259, 260–1, 265, 267, 278–9, 279, 285, 299, 311, 314, 316, 321, 337, 340, 350

• Llangibby Castle, 37

• Loudon, Maj B. J., 285

• Lovett, Brig O. de T., 197, 200, 210, 223

• Lowry, 2 Lt K. J., 296

• Lucas, Maj-Gen J. P., 178

• Lucera, 39–40, 45

• Luettwitz, Lt-Gen S. F. von, 67, 86, 89, 123, 362

• McCormick, 2 Lt D., 283

• MacDuff, Col J. L., 250, 269

• McElroy, Lt-Col H. M., 63, 122, 185, 191, 318–19, 322, 324

• McGaffin, Lt-Col R. L., 49, 231, 250, 272–3, 318

• McGregor, 2 Lt O. G., 57

• Mclnnes, Maj D., 272–3

• McKergow, Lt-Col J. W., 125, 127, 131

• ‘Mad Mile’, 165

• Magliano, 144

• Majella Mountains, 53–4, 66, 81, 95–6, 103–4, 105, 110, 160, 165

• Marabella, Colle, 64–5, 70, 71

• Marshall, Gen G. C., 10, 11

• Martino, Colle, 100–1, 159

• Matehaere, Maj J., 144, 186, 307

• Maze, Sgt G. L., 294

• Mediterranean, war in, 1–2, 3, 4, 5–8, 9, 19, 24–31, 342

• Melone, 81, 83, 85–6, 87–9, 91–2, 94–6, 100, 106, 110, 118, 125, 131, 136, 138, 141, 150, 159–60

• Mignano, 304

• Milne, Maj R. V., 270, 271

• Molineaux, Maj A., 143

• Molotov, V. M., 10

• Montecassino: Shelling of, 205; decision to bomb monastery, 207–9; bombing of, 210–11, 220–2; Indian attacks on, 227–9, 254–5, 265; attack by 28 Bn, 232–6; Freyberg plans fresh attack on, 241–3; operation dickens, 244–59; final assault on, 286–8; dropping of supplies by air, 305, 318, 331–2; fall of fortress, 337, 339

  • Mentioned: 43, 181, 183, 187, 188–9, 192–3, 196–7, 201–3, 200, 226

• Montgomery, Fd Mshl Viscount, 11, 32, 35, 85, 44–5, 97–8, 106–7, 128, 139–40, 149

• Moro R., 81, 85, 89, 95, 97, 100–2, 105–6, 109, 118, 146, 159, 163

• Moro valley, 97, 99

• Moro ford, 117, 118, 125, 127, 134, 163

• Morrin, Lt T. G. S., 283

• Morris, Sgt A. F., 288

• Morten, Lt-Col T. B., 53, 90, 94

• Muir, 2 Lt F. J., 279–80

• Murray, Lt A., 288

• Mussolini, Benito, 2, 3, 14–15

• Nangle, Maj G. S., 287, 302, 333

• Naples, 14, 16, 18, 41–2, 43

• Neale, Lt C. V., 294

• New Zealand Corps: Formation of, 182; demand for bombardment of monastery, 222; operation dickens, 246, 253, 258–61, 263, 266, 275, 298, 301–2, 316, 319, 327, 331, 336–7 338–9, 343, 349; dissolution of, 337; casualties, 341

  • Mentioned: 11, 32, 35, 44–5, 85, 97–8, 106–7, 128, 139–40, 149

• 2 New Zealand Division: Parliament's decision to employ in further operations in Mediterranean, 24–31; first

  page 385

• furlough draft, 31; to rejoin 8 Army, 35; arrival at Taranto, 37–40; first tank action, 51–2; patrolling at Sangro, 54–8, 62, 75, 77; casualties at Sangro, 75, 77; attacks on Orsogna, 97 et seq.; casualties during operation torso, 116; passes from Army to 13 Corps, 133; joins 5 Army, 148, 178, at Fontegrande Ridge, 152–8, 162; lessons learned from Orsogna front, 166–75; casualties in Sangro-Orsogna phases, 173–4; relief by 4 Ind Div, 178; as spadger Force, 179, 253; to assist in capture of Cassino, 193; under command of Kippenberger, 194; casualties in second battle of Cassino, 352

  • Mentioned: 1–2, 23, 36, 46, 49, 87, 118, 137, 147, 148–51, 158, 171–3, 179, 181–2, 215, 247, 253, 262, 327–8, 331, 334, 351

  • Armoured units—

    • 4 Armd Bde, 29, 31, 33, 45, 46, 49, 62, 63, 83, 84–6, 87, 98, 100, 124, 125, 136, 138, 167, 179–80, 224, 265

    • 18 Regt, 65, 77, 80, 87, 92, 94, 101, 109, 114, 118, 121, 124–6, 127, 128, 130, 134–5, 137, 141

    • 19 Regt, 49, 65, 71, 75, 77, 83, 85, 92, 94, 136, 140, 144, 194, 231, 250, 263, 269, 272, 275, 277, 279, 282, 284, 289, 292, 302, 307, 315, 317, 322, 325, 336

    • 20 Regt, 118, 125–6, 127, 129, 131, 132, 134, 135–8, 140–1, 144, 145, 225, 288, 310, 312, 336

  • Army Service Corps, 61, 73, 103, 164, 171, 179

    • 1 Ammunition Coy, 186–7, 236, 258

    • Petrol Coy, 304

    • 4 RMT, 164

    • 6 RMT, 249

    • 18 Tank Transporter Coy, 61

  • Artillery—

    • 32 Anti-Tank Bty, 276

    • 33 Anti-Tank Bty, 160

    • 34 Anti-Tank Bty, 160, 250, 276

    • 7 Anti-Tank Regt, 63

    • 4 Fd Regt, 46, 48–9, 52, 58, 65, 109, 236, 275, 284, 326

    • 5 Fd Regt, 46, 48–9, 52, 58, 65, 109

    • 6 Fd Regt, 52, 58, 65, 94, 109

    • 14 Light Anti-Aircraft Regt, 46, 48, 65, 163

    • 36 Survey Bty, 52, 186, 260

  • Divisional Cavalry, 33–4, 46–9, 52, 65, 71, 75, 77, 80, 87, 100, 105, 118, 136, 138, 141, 150, 160, 174, 191, 195, 231, 236, 250–1, 254, 257, 284, 304, 315, 319, 336

  • Divisional Headquarters, 46, 62, 98

  • Divisional Provost Company, 39

  • Divisional Signals, 317

  • Engineers—

    • 6 Field Coy, 56, 59, 72, 196, 233–4, 257, 285

    • 7 Field Coy, 60, 102, 124, 139, 196, 256, 276, 283, 285

    • 8 Field Coy, 57, 60, 72, 102, 196, 233–4, 284, 285

    • 5 Field Park Coy, 59, 61, 71, 100, 102, 196, 313

    • 21 Mechanical Equipment Coy, 34

  • Field Security Section, 166

  • Infantry—

    • 4 Bde, 33

    • 5 Bde, 36, 48, 57, 62–6, 69, 72, 77–8, 79, 83, 95, 97–8, 106–9, 116, 118–19, 121, 123, 125, 127, 134–5, 138, 140, 146, 152, 155–9, 168, 180, 183, 185–7, 190, 193–5, 236, 248, 250, 256, 263, 265, 276, 284, 299, 305, 315, 317, 319–20, 336, 350

    • 6 Bde, 46, 48, 53–5, 57, 62, 64–6, 69, 72–3, 77–9, 83, 88, 95, 97–8, 105–6, 108–9, 115, 118, 121, 125, 128, 131, 138, 145–6, 152, 154–5, 248–51, 253, 346, 255–6, 263, 266, 276–8, 283–4, 289, 292, 299, 306, 336, 348

    • 21 Bn, 57, 63, 65, 69, 74–5, 79–80, 118, 121–2, 124, 127, 129–30, 134–7, 140–6, 152, 158, 185, 190–1, 195, 224, 236, 265, 276, 318–19, 322–5, 336

    • 22 Bn, 49, 52, 77, 80, 87, 100–1, 106, 136, 140, 150, 159–60, 336

    • 23 Bn, 57, 63, 65, 68–9, 71, 74, 78–9, 99, 108, 111, 113, 117–19, 121, 125–7, 129–30, 132, 134, 152, 155–6, 158, 174, 194–5, 231, 250–1, 257, 276, 315–17, 322–5, 336

    • 24 Bn, 53, 56–7, 65, 70–1, 74, 76–9, 83–6, 89–90, 92–5, 98–9, 108–9, 114–15, 136, 144, 145, 152, 195, 231, 236, 249–51, 255–6, 267, 271, 278, 281, 289, 292–3, 297–8, 302–3, 304, 315, 318–19, 322–3, 326, 333

    • 25 Bn, 53, 56, 65, 68–71, 77, 79, 84–6, 87, 89–90, 92–4, 99, 105, 108, 111, 121–2, 127, 132, 138, 145, 249, 255, 256, 267, 269, 271–2, 274, 275, 277–8, 279–80, 281–2, 286, 289, 292–3, 298, 302, 306, 307, 315, 317, 322–3, 325, 334, 347

    • 26 Bn, 53, 55–7, 65, 70–1, 74, 77–8, 79, 89, 97, 99, 117, 121, 135, 138, 140–4, 146, 250, 256, 272, 276, 278, 279, 281–2, 283, 285, 289, 292–3, 297–8, 302–4, 309, 315, 318, 319, 322–3, 334

    • 27 (MG) Bn, 109, 121, 171, 250, 257, 284, 297

    • 28 (Maori) Bn, 36, 65, 105, 108, 112–13, 115, 117, 121, 125, 127, 131, 132, 134, 137, 140–7, 150, 155–7, 186–7, 191, 194–6, 231, 232–7, 240, 250, 276, 284, 306, 315, 317, 323–4, 334

  • Tactical Divisional Headquarters, 64, 317

  page 386

• 3 NZ Division, 25, 27–8, 29

• Nieuw Amsterdam, 31

• Nieuw Holland, 37

• Nola, 304

• Nolan, Lt-Col H. T. W., 94

• Norman, Lt-Col E. K., 145, 249

• Operations—

  • Anvil, 242

  • Avenger, 229, 237–41, 247, 257, 265, 338, 342

  • Dickens, 244–78, 319, 327, 338, 340, 342–3, 358–61, 364–73

  • Florence, 121–39

  • Michael, 198

  • Overlord, 9, 12, 13, 18, 43, 177–8, 241, 242, 327

  • Revenge, 309

  • Shingle, 176–8

  • Torch, 11

  • Torso, 105–17

  • Ulysses, 139–46

• O'Reilly, Lt J. F., 296

• Ornberg, Capt P. F. Te H., 111

• Orsogna, 48, 81–7, 89–90, 92–112, 115–18, 120–2, 125–33, 135–48, 150–1, 155, 159, 162–5, 166–75

• Ortona, 81, 82, 96, 97, 99, 100–1, 106, 108, 111, 114, 117, 121, 128, 131, 136, 138–40, 149, 161, 163

• Osborne, Sir D'A., 202–3, 214, 220–1

• Osento R., 45–6, 48, 60, 61

• Parker, Capt A. H., 317

• Parkinson, Maj-Gen G. B.; Takes over 6 Bde, 32; succeeds Kippenberger in command of Division, 253

  • Mentioned: 83, 89, 92, 93, 94, 97, 115, 248, 278, 283, 292, 299, 305, 326, 328, 349

• Pascuccio Ridge, 105–6, 108, 111–13, 116–18, 121

• Pennapiedimonte, 104

• Perano, 49–52, 60

• Perry, WO II F. W., 69

• Pescara, 44, 45, 47, 62, 67, 95, 97, 176, 242

• Phillips, Maj J. F., 131

• Philp, Lt-Col W. D., 46

• Piedimonte San Germano, 260, 261, 313

• Pignataro, 260, 261, 285, 314

• Pike, Lt-Col P. R., 195, 249

• Piper, Maj D. C., 143, 279–80

• Pisa, 242

• Pleasants, Brig C. L., 124, 128

• Poggiofiorito, 99, 118, 121–2, 125, 127, 130, 134, 158, 161, 163

• 2 Polish Corps, 331, 337

• Po Valley, 21–2

• Porchio, Monte, 186, 192, 259

• Portella, 285

• Pritchard, Brig C. H. V., 105

• Quartermain, Maj W. E., 296

• Queree, Brig R. C., 182, 205, 284

• Raeder, Admiral, 7

• Ramsay, Maj A. H., 249, 298

• Rapido R., 43, 180–1, 183, 185–8, 189, 191–2, 193–4, 195, 197, 209, 224, 225, 231–3, 237–8, 240, 242, 244, 250, 251, 257, 259, 265, 267–8, 276, 279–80,

• 282–3, 284, 286, 297, 298, 317, 334, 336

• Reedy, Maj J. C., 307

• Reina del Pacifico, 37

• Renall, 2 Lt H. L., 311

• Reynolds, Maj J. W., 195, 249, 303–4, 332

• Richards, Lt-Col E. E., 250, 280, 293–4

• Richards, D., and Saunders, H. St. G.:

  • Quoted: 211, 214, 218, 221, 222

• Rimini, 242

• Robertshaw, Maj P. W., 256

• Rodt, Lt-Gen E., 188

• Romans, Lt-Col R. E., 63, 128

• Rome, 13, 21, 22, 42, 43–4, 47, 67, 139, 176, 189, 192, 216, 221–2, 231, 242

• Rommel, Fd Mshl E., 9, 10, 15–16

• Roosevelt, F. D., 9, 10, 11, 13, 18, 28, 42, 178, 203

• Ross, Maj A., 122

• Russia, 10, 11, 13

• Salarola, 88, 150, 159–60, 161 Salciaroli, 158, 159

• Salerno, Gulf of, 14–15, 16, 17–18, 35, 42

• San Antonio Stream, 159

• Sanders, Maj N. K., 249, 269, 271, 281

• San Eusanio, 77, 80, 87, 161

• San Felice Ridge, 99, 103, 105–6, 111 ,

• 113, 117, 138

• San Martino, 83, 87, 89, 94, 126, 128 San Michele, 285

• San Pasquale, 248, 250

• Sangro R., 44, 54

• — campaign: 41, 44, 47–51, 53–8, 56–7, 60–3, 65–8, 70–3, 77, 102–3, 105, 173–4 Sardinia, 13, 14, 252

• Schofield, Capt S. C., 195, 297–8

• Schultz, Col, 226

• Scorticacane, Colle, 64–5, 69, 71

• Senger und Etterlin, Gen F. von, 188, 189, 193, 203, 211, 213, 218, 219, 220, 225, 239, 279, 289–90, 320, 321, 340, 345,

• 353, 362

• Sfasciata Ridge, 98–9, 100, 105–6, 108–9, 111, 117–19, 121–5, 134, 145, 161, 163

• Sicily, 3, 4, 12–13, 14–15, 18, 27, 35, 189, 203, 213

• Sinello R., 48–9

• Slee, Maj C. A., 250, 317

• Smith, Capt R., 284

• Smith, Maj R. S., 143, 322

• Sorensen, Maj C., 112, 144, 146

• Stace, Lt-Col G. H., 254

• Stalin, Joseph, 11, 178

• Stevens, Lt-Col G. R.: Quoted: 188, 199, 206, 210, 228, 302, 310

  page 387

• Stewart, Maj-Gen K. L.: Commands 5 Bde, 33; commands 4 Armd Bde, 63

  • Mentioned: 83, 87, 88, 89, 137

• Strada Sangritana, 51, 60, 61, 63, 66, 68 Strategic Air Force, 244

• Swainson, Capt E. H. P., 57

• Tactical Air Force, 245, 285

• Takurua, 2 Lt G., 156, 195, 196

• Tanner, Lt-Col V. J., 69, 122, 142

• Taranto, 8, 37–9, 41, 45

• Terelle, 198, 262

• Termoli, 41, 43, 45

• Thodey, Col J. I., 272

• Thomson, Maj I. M., 114

• Thornton, Brig L. W., 46, 182

• Tomoana, Capt Te M. R., 190

• Tornareccio, 47, 49, 52

• Torricella, 105

• Trigno R., 44

• Trocchio, Monte, 185–7, 194, 195, 251, 253, 257, 258, 259, 313, 321

• Tuker, Maj-Gen F. I. S., 197, 200, 205–7, 217

• Turnbull, Maj G. V., 195, 271, 281, 298, 303, 322

• 1 Us armoured division, 182

• 5 US Army, 14–15, 16–18, 42, 44, 67, 139, 149, 176–8, 180–2, 191, 197, 205, 207, 209–10, 224, 229, 251, 261, 266, 327, 330–1, 339

• 7 US Army, 14

• 2 US Corps, 217, 227, 247, 258, 331, 338

• 6 US Corps, 15, 42, 178, 181

• 34 US Division, 183, 192, 193, 197, 207, 216

• 36 US Division, 183, 185, 192, 197–8

• 48 US Engineer Battalion, 283, 285

• 138 US Infantry Regt, 214

• 91 US Reconnaissance Battalion, 250

• 133 US Regt, 248

• 141 US Regt, 186

• 143 US Regt, 185

• 760 US Tank Battalion, 310

• Vallemaio, 260

• Vasto, 43

• Venafro, 268

• Vietinghoff, Col-Gen H-G. von, 157, 213, 235, 239, 279, 290, 363

• Vinchiaturo, 41

• Volturno R., 42, 43, 180

• Walter, Lt-Col C. L., 52–3

• Ward, Brig, 119

• Wavell, Fd Mshl Lord, 4

• Webster, Maj J. L., 99

• Weir, Maj-Gen C. E., 34, 236, 258,

• 334–5

• Westphal, Gen S., 73, 213, 263, 290, 363

• Whelan, Lt E. L. R., 285

• White, Maj D. U., 276

• Wikiriwhi, Capt M., 232, 237

• Williams, Lt-Col J. R., 143, 294, 296

• Williams, Sgt R., 98

• Wilson, Fd Mshl Lord, 177, 208, 214, 215, 241, 242, 244, 246, 343

• Winter Line, 43–4, 45, 66, 75, 80, 81, 93, 97, 176, 217

• Wirepa, Maj T., 111, 186

• Young, Lt-Col R. R. T., 143, 186, 231–2,

• 235

• Ziehlberg, Lt-Gen G. H. von, 67, 73–4, 363