Abdominal injuries, 223–77

• anaesthesia, 124, 241

• anuria, 256–7

• blood loss, 236, 269

• blood plasma, 253–4

• burst wound, 261

• complications at Base, 260–4

• colon, 244–6, 263

• diagnosis, 232–5

• drainage, 250

• evacuation, 257–9

• gastric suction, 254–5

• in First World War, 223–4

• in Italy, 227–8

• in North Africa, 33

• in Pacific, 273

• in South African War, 223

• intravenous fluids, 254

• kidney infection, 262

• kidney injury, 249

• late case, 239–40

• liver, 247–8

• missile causing, 273

• nursing, 252–3

• operatability, 237–9

• operative technique, 240–52

• optimum time for operation, 227–30

• penicillin, 250

• pensions survey, 264, 273–4

• place of operation, 230–2

• post-operative progress, 255–7

• priority of operation, 227–30

• problems at the Base, 260

• rectum, 246–7

• resuscitation, 235–7

• shock, 235–7, 254

• staffing of FSUs, 232

• statistical surveys, 264–73, 276–7

• sulphadiazine, 225, 249

• small intestine, 244

• summary of article, 274–5

• summary of developments, 225–7

• theatre technique, 240–4

• thoraco-abdominals, 250–2, 270

• treatment, 274–6

ACCIDENTAL INJURIES, 379–80

• comparison with battle casualties, 379

• football, 379

• jeep, 379

• motor cycle, 379

• statistics, 379–80

AIR TRANSPORT, 44, 45, 79, 84–7

AMERICAN ARMY. See UNITED STATES ARMY

AMOEBIASIS. See DYSENTERY, AMOEBIC

AMPUTATIONS, 302–23

• amputee in New Zealand, 304, 314–16

• artificial limbs in New Zealand, 304

• between the wars, 304

• comparison with 1 NZEF, 321

• delayed primary suture, 312

• guillotine amputation, 303, 306–7

• in Greece, Crete, and Libya, 307

• in First World War, 302–4

• in Italy, 312–13

• in North Africa, 25

• in USA and Canada, 315, 320

• indications for amputation, 305

• invalids to New Zealand, 314

• late amputation of foot, 312

• level of primary amputation, 305, 313

• Medical Research Council, 305–6

• penicillin, 312

• recommendations for future, 316–17

• Roehampton experience, 305, 315, 318–20

• report by J. K. Elliott, 315–16

• reviews at surgical conferences, 308–1

• sites of election, 305, 318

• survey by Consultant Surgeon, 311–12

• statistics, 321–3

• traumatic amputation, 7, 34, 313

ANAEMIA

• secondary, 37

• tropical macrocytic, 731–2

ANAEROBIC INFECTION, 7, 21, 42, 129-32

(see also GAS GANGRENE)

ANAESTHETICS, 121–8

• British specialists, 123

• complications, 126

• cyclopropane, 122–3

• ether, 125–6

• in abdominal injuries, 124, 241

• in burns, 124, 344, 351

• in chest injuries, 124

• in different units, 123–4

• in different types of cases, 123–4

• in First World War, 42, 121–2

• in forward surgery, 59, 67, 123

• in head injuries, 137, 149, 151

• intravenous ether, 125

• Macintosh ether apparatus, 122

• organisation of services, 126–7

• pentothal sodium, 122

• recommendations for future, 127–8

ANKYLOSTOMIASIS. See HOOKWORM

ANXIETY STATE. See NEUROSIS

ANURIA

• following sulphonamides, 13

• in abdominal injuries, 256–7

• in shock, 116

• use of crystalloids, 115–16

ARMOUR

• protection for abdomen, 276

• protection for chest, 218–19

• protection for spine, 164

ASTHMA, 580–1

• recrudescence in Middle East, 580

• unsuitability of asthmatics for overseas service, 580

AUSTRALIAN ARMY

• air ambulance, 79

• 5 Aust GH in Greece, 460

• experience in abdominal surgery, 238

• experience in chest surgery, 195–7, 201, 206

• experience in knee-joint injuries, 385

• experience re infectious diseases, 753

• investigations re Q fever, 586

• transfusion service, 95

• treatment of burns, 347

Blast injuries, ears, 452–3

BLOOD TRANSFUSION (see also SHOCK)

• amount of blood required, 99, 100

• at Base hospitals, 104–5

• British service in Middle East, 95

• British service in Italy, 102–3

• in abdominal injuries, 236, 253–4, 269

• in burns, 37, 342–3

• in campaigns, 99–100, 103–4, 110–11

• in First World War, 94

• in forward surgery, 44, 48, 68

• in gas gangrene, 130

• in Pacific, 106

• in wound treatment, 19

• NZ unit experience Alamein to Tunis, 99–101

• NZ unit experience Italy, 103–4

• NZ unit set up, 96–7

• plasma produced, 95, 118

• preservation of blood, 100–1

• quantity and temperature, 100, 112–13

• rate of administration, 113

• reactions, 117

• recommendations for future, 107–8

• storage of blood, 118

• taking and giving sets, 95

• taking of blood, 100

BRAUN SPLINT, 287–9

BRITISH ARMY

• anaesthetists attached to NZ units, 59, 127

• blood transfusion service in Middle East, 95, 99, 101

• blood transfusion service in Italy, 102–3

• blood transfusion service in England, 95, 102, 116–17

• investigation re foot disability, 399–400

• Medical Research Councilre amputations, 305

• Medical Research Councilre burns, 344

• neurosis in First World War, 631

• neurosis in England, 631–3

• penicillin experiments at Tripoli, 14

• statistical survey of knee-joint injuries, 385

• tetanus in First World War, 133

BRITISH ARMY MEDICAL UNITS

• neurosurgical units, 52, 144–6, 149–50, 152, 163

• surgical teams, 48, 61, 228

• transfusion units, 48, 61

• vascular centre, 335–6

• 189 Br Fd Amb in Crete, 81

• 151 Br Lt Fd Amb, 84

• CCS at Trasimene, 86

• 24 CCS in Greece, 81

• 1 CCS in Italy, 33

• 5 CCS in Vasto, 148

• 7 GH in Crete, 43, 81, 460

• 15 Scottish GH in Cairo, 59, 95, 140, 146, 744

• 26 GH in Athens, 81

• 98 GH in Bari, 148

BRITISH MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNITS

• Research unit in MEF, 107–8, 109–10, 114, 239

• shock unit in Italy, 108–9, 112–14, 116, 254

BRONCHITIS, 578

BURNS, 340–56

• admissions to hospital, 355

• anaesthesia in, 124, 344, 351

• blood transfusion, 37

• blood plasma, 342, 343

• classification of, 341

• evacuation of cases, 351

• hands, 348–9

• infection, 349–50

• in First World War, 340

• mustard gas burns, 352–3

• penicillin, 346

• phosphorus burns, 353–4

• resuscitation, 341–3

• saline baths, 30, 347–8

• skin grafting, 38, 340–1

• statistics, 355–7

• sulphonamides, 344, 345–6

• summary, 354–5

• tannic acid, 340, 343–5

• tulle gras, 344

BUTTOCK WOUNDS, 7

Canadian army

• CCS at Rimini battle, 86

• digestive disorders in Army, 622

• investigations re Q fever, 584

• opinions re amputations, 315, 320

CARPAL SCAPHOID, 291

CARREL-DAKIN TREATMENT, 3–5, 11, 25, 27, 42, 195, 279, 284, 302, 387

CASUALTIES IN CAMPAIGNS, 87–92

CAUSALGIA, 179

CEREBRO-SPINAL FEVER

• incidence, 566

• in First World War, 566

• in Middle East, 567

• in New Zealand, 566

• sulphonamides, 567

CHEST INJURIES, 194–222

• anaesthesia, 124

• armour for protection, 218

• atelectasis, 204

• chronological survey, 196–9

• clotted haemothorax, 198, 209–10

• complications, 195

• evacuation to Base, 208

• evaluation, 218

• foreign bodies, 210–12

• haemothorax, 203, 206–7

• in First World War, 194–5

• infection, 205, 217–18

• operation, 200–1

• Pacific theatre, 199

• penicillin, 198, 202, 204, 209

• pensions review, 219–21

• recommendation for future, 219

• respiratory exercises, 199, 214–15

• resuscitation, 200

• special chest units, 195–6, 215

• statistics, 216–18, 222

• sucking chest, 201–2

• summary of war experience, 218–19

• X-rays, 213

CLOSED PLASTER TREATMENT, 5, 6, 10, 20, 28–9, 36–8, 280, 290

CRYSTALLOIDS, in shock, 115–16

Debridement, 5, 28, 36, 149–50

DEHYDRATION, 29, 68, 78, 116

DELAYED PRIMARY SUTURE, 11, 26–7, 283, 312

DENGUE, 548–51

• clinical features, 549–51

• in Pacific, 548–51

• source of infection, 549

DENTAL ASPECT PLASTIC SURGERY, 373–8

DERMATITIS. See SKIN DISEASES

DESERT SORES. See SKIN DISEASES

DIARRHOEA, 479 (see also DYSENTERY)

DIPHTHERIA, 570–3

• cutaneous infection, 570–1

• immunisation, 572

• incidence, 570, 572

• polyneuritis, 570

• statistics, 573

• wound infection, 23, 38, 570

DISEASE, INCIDENCE IN 2 NZEF, 748–61

• mortality in 2 NZEF, 750–1

• statistical tables, 753–61

DYSENTERY, BACILLARY, 479–85, 492

• in First World War, 479–80

• in Middle East, 480–83

• in Pacific, 483

• statistics, 492

• sulphaguanidine in, 482, 484

• treatment, 484

DYSENTERY, AMOEBIC, 485–92

• in First World War, 479

• in Middle East, 485–6

• in Pacific, 486–7

• post-war experience, 488–91

• treatment, 487–8

DYSPEPSIA, 621–9

• associated neurosis, 622

• causes, 624

• diagnosis, 625–6

• disposal, 628

• incidence, 623

• surveys of cases, 622

• treatment, 627

EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT CONDITIONS, 447–59

• admissions to hospital, 458–9

• blast injuries, 452–3

• boarding of recruits, 447

• in First World War, 447

• in Middle East, 447–54

• in Pacific, 454–6

• invalids cent to NZ, 458

• operations, 451–2

• otitis externa, 449, 455

• otitis media, 449–50, 454

• otosclerosis, 456

• pensions statistics, 457

• recommendations for future, 457–8

• shortage of specialists, 448

• sinusitis, 450–1

• staffing in 2 NZEF, 447–8

• statistics, 457–9

• tonsillectomy, 452

EDUCATION

• in hygiene, 707–33

• in malaria precautions, 519, 524, 533–4

• in venereal disease precautions, 597–8

EPILEPSY, 138–9, 158–9 (see also HEAD INJURIES)

EQUIPMENT

• of a field operating unit, 62

• of a field transfusion unit, 96

ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION, 658–87

• association of neurosis, 682–5

• First World War cases, 658–68

• Home Service personnel, 680–2

• incidence amongst Maoris, 685–6

• Second World War cases, 668–82

EVACUATION OF WOUNDED

• from forward areas, 20, 45, 55, 78–81

• of abdominal cases, 257–9

• of burns cases, 351

• of chest cases, 208

• to New Zealand, statistics, 40

EXHAUSTION, PHYSICAL, 637 (see also NEUROSIS)

EYE INJURIES. See OPHTHALMOLOGY

FACIAL INJURIES. See PLASTIC SURGERY

FEMUR, FRACTURE OF, 278, 287–9

• infection 284

• invalids sent to NZ, 296–7

• treatment, 287–9

FIELD SURGICAL UNIT, 45–50, 62–4, 232

FIELD TRANSFUSION UNIT, 41–92

FILARIASIS, 552

• in Pacific, 552

• pensions review, 553

FIRST WORLD WAR

• abdominal surgery, 223–4

• amputations, 302

• anaesthetics, 42, 121–2

• blood transfusions, 94

• burns, 340

• cerebro-spinal fever, 506

• chest surgery, 194–5

• death from disease, 758

• dysentery, 479–80

• ear, nose, and throat, 447

• foot disabilities, 391

• forward surgery, 41–3

• fractures, 278–80

• gas gangrene, 3, 22, 42, 129

• head injuries, 136–9

• hernia, 406

• knee injuries, 381

• knee wounds, 387

• malaria, 578

• nerve injuries, 166–70

• neurosis, 630

• ophthalmology, 428

• pneumonia, 579

• shock, 93–4

• spinal injuries, 162

• tetanus, 133

• tuberculosis, pulmonary, 588

• typhoid fever, 493

• typhus fever, 557

• varicose veins, 418

• vascular injuries, 324–5

• venereal disease, 597

• wounded, statistics of, 40

• wound treatment, 3–5

FLY CONTROL. See HYGIENE

FOOD CONTROL. See HYGIENE

FOOT DISABILITIES, 391–405

• care after illness, 403

• examination of recruits, 391–2

• footwear and its repair, 401–3

• function of foot, 398–400

• graduated training, 392, 400

• in Crete, 394

• in First World War, 391

• in Middle East, 394

• in New Zealand camps, 393

• invalids sent to NZ, 405

• investigation in British army, 399–400

• Maori foot, 393, 402

• operative treatment, 396

• psychological aspect, 400

• remedial training, 392

• remedial treatment, 396–8

• skin disease, 404

• summary, 404–5

• types of feet, 394–6

FOREIGN BODIES, REMOVAL OF, 3, 8, 9, 29, 32, 33, 210–12

FORWARD SURGERY, 41–92

• anaesthesia, 59, 67, 123

• analysis of casualties, 88–92

• CCS development, 51–2

• classification for operation, 55–6, 72–3

• Consultant Surgeon, 61–2

• dehydration, 68, 78

• dressings, 69

• equipment of Field Operating Unit, 62–4

• evacuation to Base, 77–81

• FSU development, 45–50, 62–4

• in different campaigns, 81–7

• in First World War, 41–3

• in Italy, 45

• in Middle East, 43–5, 81–7

• in Pacific, 92

• MDS development, 50–1, 58

• operating theatres, 62–4

• operation at MDS or CCS, 56–8

• operative technique, 73–4

• post-operative care, 75–6

• pre-operative ward, 71

• records, 69, 71, 74

• resuscitation, 68–75

• specialist surgery, 52–3, 56

• splinting of fractures, 66–7, 70

• staffing of MDS and CCS, 58–72

• transfusion officers, 59

• treatment of special wounds, 76–7

• time factor, 53–5

  page 773

• treatment

  • at RAP, 65–9

  • at ADS, 69–71

  • at MDS, 71–77

  • in field, 64–5

• wounded, by parts affected, 89–91

• wounded, by campaigns, 87–8

• X-rays, 72

FRACTURES, 278–301

• bone fragments, 3, 32, 33, 35, 278, 284–5

• carpal scaphoid, 291–3

• closed plaster treatment, 280

• delayed primary suture, 283

• femur, 278, 287

• hip, 28

• humerus, 86

• in First World War, 278–80

• in Spanish War, 280

• infection, 278, 284

• jaw, 361–4

• late operations, 286

• leg, 290

• non-union, 285

• organisation of orthopaedic surgery, 293

• os calcis, 291

• patella, 289

• penicillin, 15, 18, 35, 283

• radius and ulna, 287

• splinting, 66–7

• statistics, 295–301

• summary of treatment, 294–5

• Tobruk splint, 281, 288–95

• treatment of different fractures, 286–93

• use of plates and screws, 281

• wound treatment, 282–3

GALLIPOLI

• dysentery in, 479

• hepatitis, 497

GAS GANGRENE, 7, 21–2, 129–32

• blood transfusion, 131

• claustridial myositis, 132

• in Crete, 28

• in First World War, 3, 22, 42, 129

• in Italy, 22, 132

• in Libya, 29–30

• penicillin, 131

• prevention, 328–9

• serum, 120–1

• signs of anaerobic infection, 131

• sulphonamides, 131

• surgery, 36

GASTRIC SUCTION, 254–5

GRADED PERSONNEL

• statistics of, 759–60

GUILLOTINE AMPUTATION, 303, 306–7

HAEMORRHAGE

• abdominal injuries, 236

• control in the field, 65–6

• secondary, 29, 33, 260, 332–3

• use of tourniquet, 65

HAEMORRHOIDS, 425–6

HAEMOTHORAX. See CHEST INJURIES

HEAD INJURIES, 136–61

• anaesthesia, 124

• at Base Hospital, Cairo, 146–8

• epilepsy, 138–9, 158–9

• in First World War, 136–9

• in Italy, 148–50

• in Middle East, 140–8

• late effects, 138–9, 152–3

• neurosis with, 649

• neurosurgical units, 140–8

• penicillin, 150

• pensions results, 155–60

• recommendations for future, 154–5

• repair bony defects, 139, 151–2

• statistics of invalids, 160

• summary, 154

• treatment, 141–53

HEPATITIS, INFECTIVE, 497–517

• clinical features, 506–11

• epidemic of 1942 (Western Desert), 498–9

• epidemic of 1944 (Italy), 500–1

• hospitalisation, 505

• incidence in 2 NZEF, 502, 512

• peripheral lobular necrosis, 514–16

• pre-war knowledge, 497

• serum jaundice, 513–14

HERNIA, 406–17

• British Army experience, 413–14

• grading and invaliding, 408–9

• in First World War, 406

• in Home Guard, 407

• in Middle East, 408

• medical examinations, 406

• operation overseas, 408–10, 413

• operative techniques, 411

• pensions survey, 414–16

• recommendations for future, 416–17

• recurrence, 412

• statistics, 412–16

• trusses, 407

HIP-JOINT WOUNDS, 33, 287, 389

HOOKWORM, 562–5

• clinical features, 562–3

• in Pacific, 563–5

HOSPITAL BED STATES, 756

HYGIENE, 707–33

• climatic conditions, 710

• clothing, 719, 731

• conservancy, 712, 720, 728–9, 731

• fly control, 721, 730

• food, 714, 724–5, 731–2

• incidence of disease, 726–7

• in Middle East, 710–28

  page 774

• inoculations, 707

• in Pacific, 728–33

• insect control, 725–6, 732

• laundry, 722

• Maadi Camp, 710–15

• man management, 707–8, 718–19

• mobilisation camps, 707

• organisation, 715–17

• planning for 2 NZEF, 708–9

• ration scale, 709–14

• refuse disposal, 720–1, 729

• showers, 722

• swimming baths, 714

• training and education, 717–18

• water supply, 714, 723, 730

HUMERUS FRACTURE, 286

HYPERTENSION. See ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

INCIDENCE OF DISEASE, 726–7, 748–61 (see also DISEASE)

INFECTION OF WOUNDS (see also specific injuries)

• chest wounds, 206–7, 217–18

• cross infection, 23

• fractures, 278, 284

• head wounds, 138

• in Middle East, 24–5, 28, 33

• types, 21–3

INFLUENZA (see also RESPIRATORY DISEASES)

• in Middle East, 577–8

• in New Zealand, 577–8

INOCULATIONS, PREVENTIVE, 493–6, 559

INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS, 254

INVALIDS

• numbers sent to NZ, 757–8

ISCHAEMIA, 180–1, 368–9

J FORCE (2 NZEF, Japan)

• incidence of venereal disease, 608, 615

KNEE-JOINT INJURIES, 381–6

• diagnosis, 382

• experience in other forces, 385–6

• operation, 383

• osteochondritis dessicans, 384

• results, 383–4

• summary, 386

KNEE-JOINT WOUNDS, 387–90

• drainage, 388

• excision of patella, 389

• exercises, 388

• First World War, 387

• penicillin, 388

KOKKINIA PW HOSPITAL, 460

• surgical work, 461–4

KRAMER SPLINT, 29, 66, 281

LABORATORY

• review of work at a general hospital, 741–7

• staffing problems, 745–7

• suggestions re equipment, 747

LAMSDORF PW HOSPITAL

• treatment given, 468

MALARIA, 518–47

• administrative order (Pacific), 544–7

• anti-mosquito squads, 520, 534

• atebrin, 530, 536

• clothing, 536

• control units, 522, 523, 533–4

• DDT, 519, 525

• education and training, 519, 524, 533–4, 536

• Greece, 520

• in First World War, 518

• in Italy, 523–8

• in Middle East, 518, 522–3

• in New Zealand, 541–3

• in Pacific, 528–41

• mepacrine, 524

• pensions aspect, 543

• repellents, 534

• statistics, 527–8, 538–9

• Syria, 521–2

• treatment, 536–8, 541

MAN MANAGEMENT, 707–8, 718–19

MAORIS

• effect of head injuries, 155

• foot disabilities, 393, 402, 736

• health, 734–6

• incidence of

  • essential hypertension, 685–6

  • infective hepatitis, 503

  • neurosis, 636, 736

  • tetanus, 133–4

  • tuberculosis, 591, 734–5

MAXILLO-FACIAL INJURIES. See PLASTIC SURGERY

MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL

• Memo on amputations, 305–6

• Memo on burns, 344

• shock research unit, 108

MENINGITIS, 566–8

• lymphocytic, 567

• meningococcal, 566

• pneumococcal, 567

• streptococcal, 567

• treatment, 568

MISSILES CAUSING WOUNDS, 6, 273

MOBILE SURGICAL UNIT, 29, 44, 140, 143, 195

MORTALITY

• from abdominal injuries, 229–30, 264–73

• from accidental injuries, 380

• from chest injuries, 216–18

• from disease, 750

• from gas gangrene, 132

• from head injuries, 143, 148, 150

• from tetanus, 134

• from wounds in action, 91, 218

NECK INJURIES, 7

NERVE INJURIES, 166–93

• appendix; detailed results of treatment, 187–93

• causalgia, 179

• closed injuries, 180

• in First World War, 166–70

• in Second World War, 170–93

• ischaemia, 180–1

• nerve grafting, 175

• nerve repair, 168–74

• recommendations for future, 186

• recovery after suture, 177–8

• results of treatment, 183–93

• splints, 167, 175–6

• statistics, 186–7

• treatment, 181–3

NEUROSIS, 630–57

• incidence, 637

• in England, 631, 651–3

• in eye cases, 429

• in First World War, 630

• in foot disabilities, 400

• in Middle East, 632–7

• in Navy, 646–7

• in Pacific, 645–6

• in skin diseases, 694

• Maoris, 636

• medical boarding, 643–4

• medical examinations for courts martial, 641–3

• nomenclature, 637–8

• pensions aspect, 650

• recommendations for future, 653–5

• statistics, 655–7

• symptoms, 638–9

• treatment, 639–41, 648–9

• with dyspepsia, 622

• with head injury, 649–50

• with hypertension, 682–5

NEUROSURGERY. See HEAD INJURIES

NOSE CONDITIONS. See EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT CONDITIONS

NURSING SISTERS, 41, 47, 232, 253

NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY

• of proteins, 19

• of vitamins, 255–63

NZ ARMY MEDICAL UNITS

• NZ CCS, 41, 92 (see also FORWARD SURGERY)

• abdominal surgery, 229

• chest surgery, 202

• 1 NZ GH

• Diphtheritic infection in, 23

• in Greece, 44

• laboratory work at, 141–4

• transfusion unit, 96

• 2 NZ GH, 149

• Survey abdominal cases, 260–2

• wound treatment at, 33

• 3 NZ GH

• amoebiasis at, 485

• colon cases at, 263

• mustard gas burns at, 352–3

• penicillin experiments at, 14

• reserve surgical teams, 48

• sandfly fever at, 555

• NZ Mobile Surgical Unit, 29, 44, 140, 143, 195, 228

• 1 NZ Stationary Hosp, in First World War, 137

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, 737–40

OPHTHALMOLOGY, 428–46

• battle casualties, 435–8

• equipment, 438–9

• hysteria, 432–4

• infection, 434–5

• in First World War, 428

• in Middle East, 428

• in Pacific, 441

• medical boarding, 430, 432, 444

• mobile optician unit, 429

• pensions figures, 444

• psychoneurosis, 429

• recommendations for future, 442–3

• rejection of recruits, 428

• statistics, 436, 440, 443–5

• supply of spectacles, 428

• sympathetic ophthalmia, 438

• trachoma in Fiji, 441–2

• visual grading, 431–2, 443–4

• volume of work, 428, 440

PACIFIC CAMPAIGN

• abdominal injuries in, 273

• blood transfusions in, 106

• dengue fever in, 548–51

• digestive disorders in, 624

• dysentery in, 483, 486–7

• ear, nose, and throat, 454–6

• forward surgery, 92

• hookworm in, 563–4

• hygiene in, 728–3

• malaria in, 528–41

• neurosis in, 645–6

• ophthalmology in, 441

• shock in, 106

• skin disease in, 697–700

• statistics, 760

• wound treatment in, 38

PATELLA, 289

PENICILLIN

• conference at Tripoli, 14

• in abdominal injuries, 250

• in amputations, 312–13

• in burns, 346

• in chest injuries, 198, 202, 204, 209, 213–14

• in fractures, 15, 18, 35, 283

• in gas gangrene, 22, 131

• in head injuries, 150

• in knee-joint wounds, 388

• in skin diseases, 696

• in venereal disease, 610–14

• in wound treatment, 13–19, 20, 26, 37–8

PENSIONS SURVEYS

• of abdominal injuries, 264, 273–4

• of amoebiasis, 488–91

• of chest injuries, 195, 219–21

• of ear disabilities, 457

• of epilepsy following head injuries, 138–9

• of essential hypertension, 658–87

• of filariasis, 553

• of hernia, 414–16

• of late results of head injuries, 155–60

• of late results of nerve injuries, 184–5, 187–93

• of neurosis cases, 648–51

• of pulmonary tuberculosis, 590–6

• of skin disease, 750

• general, 752, 761

PEPTIC ULCER. See DYSPEPSIA

PHYSIOTHERAPY, 167, 176

PHLEBOTOMUS FEVER. See SANDFLY FEVER

PLASTIC SURGERY, 357–78

• anaesthesia in, 124

• bone grafting, 371–3

• dental aspect, 373–8

• fractures of jaw, 361–4

• infection, 365–7

• ischaemia, 368–9

• methods used, 358–60

• organisation, 360–1

• repair of wounds, 370–1

• skin grafting, 359, 365, 369

• soft-tissue defects, 364

• types of cases, 361

PNEUMONIA, 578–80

• atypical, 582 (see also Q FEVER)

• in First World War, 579

• in Second World War, 578

POLIOMYELITIS, 569

POLYNEURITIS

• post-diphtheritic, 570–2

PRISONERS OF WAR, 459–76

• diseases, 469–76

• hospital conditions, 461, 464, 466–7

• in Germany, 466–76

• in Greece and Crete, 459–64

• in Italy, 464–6

• surgical treatment, 462–4, 468

• tuberculosis, 471–3

• typhus, 464, 470

PSYCHIATRY. See NEUROSIS

PSYCHOSES. See NEUROSIS

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS. See TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY

PYREXIA OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN, 574–6

Q Fever, 582–7

• atypical pneumonia, 582

• Australian research, 582

• clinical features, 583–5

• epidemiological studies, 586–7

Radiography

• in abdominal injuries, 233–4

• in chest injuries, 213

• in tuberculosis, 588–94

RED CROSS SOCIETY, 465, 469, 738

RESPIRATORY DISEASES, 577–81

• asthma, 580–1

• bronchitis, 578

• in First World War, 579

• influenza, 577–8

• pneumonia, 578–80

RESUSCITATION. (see also BLOOD TRANSFUSION and SHOCK)

• in abdominal injuries, 235–7

• in chest injuries, 200

• in forward surgery, 68–74, 114–15

RNZAF IN PACIFIC

• dengue fever in, 548

• ear, nose, and throat in, 455–6

• mosquito control in planes, 542–3

• skin disease in, 699

RNZN IN PACIFIC

• neurosis in, 686–7

• pulmonary tuberculosis in, 590–1

ROEHAMPTON, 305, 315, 318–30 (see also AMPUTATIONS)

Saline baths in burns, 30, 347–8

SANDFLY FEVER, 554–6

• clinical aspects, 555–6

• incidence, 554–5

SANITATION. See HYGIENE

SCABIES, 697, 726

SERUM JAUNDICE, 513–14

SHOCK, 93–120

• anuria, 116

• blood and plasma, 102, 115

• blood transfusion service, 95–7

• causation, 107

• clinical, 107–12

• crystalloids, 115–16

• effect of transportation, 114–15

• estimation of severity, 110

• fitness for operation, 114

• in abdominal injuries, 235–7, 254

• in First World War, 93–4

• in Italy, 102–5

• in Middle East, 95–102

• in Pacific, 106

• post-operative resuscitation, 114

• recommendations for future, 106–7

• research, 108–9

• signs, 108

• site and condition of wound, 110–12

• treatment, 97–106

• warmth, 110

SKIN DISEASES, 688–703

• constitutional factor, 695

• dermatitis, 691

• desert sores, 689–90

• ecthyma, 699

• eczema, 691–3

• foot disorders, 691

• hyperidrosis, 691–2

• in Italy, 696

• in Middle East, 688–96

• in Pacific, 697–700

• medical boarding, 688

• pediculosis, 697

• pensions aspect, 700

• psychoneurosis, 694

• pyogenic infection, 693

• recommendations, 701

• RNZAF in Pacific, 699

• scabies, 697

• sensitisation to sulphonamides, 696

• statistics, 702–3

• tinea, 693–4

• X-ray therapy, 691, 702

SOUTH AFRICAN WAR

• abdominal injuries in, 223

SOUTH AFRICAN ARMY

• air ambulance, 79

SPANISH CIVIL WAR

• fractures in, 180

• wound treatment in, 5–6

SPINAL INJURIES, 162–5

• armour for protection, 164

• bedsores, 163–4

• in First World War, 162

• in Second World War, 162–5

• statistics, 165

SPLINTS

• Kramer, 9, 29, 66–7, 70

• plaster, 5–6, 9, 37

• Thomas, 9, 37, 66–7, 70, 75

• Tobruk, 29, 31, 281, 288, 295

STATISTICAL TABLES

• abdominal injuries, 264–73, 276–8

• accidental injuries, 379–80

• admissions to medical units, MEF and CMF

• 1941–5, 753

• 1943–5, 754–5

• admissions to medical units 2 NZEF (IP), 760

• amputations, 321–3

• bed states, Base medical units, MEF, 1942–43, 756

• burns, 355–7

• chest injuries, 216–18, 222

• daily sick rates, MEF, 1941–5, 755–6

• deaths from disease, 1 NZEF, 758

• deaths from disease, 2 NZEF, 758–9

• deaths from disease, PW, 759

• diphtheria, 573

• dysentery, 492

• dyspepsia, 623

• ear, nose, and throat cases, 457–9

• evacuation of sick to NZ, 757–8

• evacuation of wounded to NZ, 40

• fractures, 296–301

• graded personnel, 759–60

• head injuries, 156, 159, 160

• hernia, 412–16

• incidence of disease in 1 NZEF, 753–61

• incidence of disease in 2 NZEF, 753–61

• infectious diseases in 2 NZEF, 753

• infectious diseases, AIF, 753

• killed and wounded in campaigns, 88

• malaria, 528, 538–9

• nerve injuries, 184–5, 186–7

• neurosis, 655–7

• ophthalmology, 436, 440, 443, 445

• pensions granted for Second World War, 761

• sickness cases evacuated to NZ, 757–8

• skin diseases, 702–3

• spinal injuries, 165

• vascular injuries, 328, 339

• venereal diseases, 610, 617–18

• wounded by parts affected, 89–91

• wounded, classification of, 1942–3, 90–2

• wounded in Pacific, 92

• wounded in campaigns, 88

• wounded, survey of causes and types, 89

SULPHONAMIDES

• anuria from, 13

• at Alamein, 12

• dosage, 12–13

• in abdominal injuries, 249

• in bacillary dysentery, 484

• in burns, 344–5

• in cerebro-spinal fever, 567

• in chest injuries, 213

• in ear disease, 453

• in fracture cases, 282–4

  page 778

• in gas gangrene, 131

• in head injuries, 141

• in skin diseases, 696

• in venereal disease, 598, 610–14

• in wound treatment, 6, 11–13, 20, 21

• skin reactions, 696

• toxic effects, 13

SURGERY IN FIELD. See FORWARD SURGERY

SURGICAL CONFERENCES

• in Cairo, 1942, 12–13, 23, 141, 197, 308

• in Cairo, 1943, 13, 311

• in Rome, 1945, 22, 204–5, 233, 327

SUTURE OF WOUND

• delayed primary suture, 26, 283, 312–13

• primary suture, 25, 26

• secondary suture, 27

• Testes, Diseases of, 427

• inflammatory and malignant conditions, 427

TETANUS, 133–5

• in First World War, 133

• in Maoris, 133–4

• prophylaxis, 69, 133

• record of cases and deaths, 24, 28, 133–4

THOMAS SPLINT, 9, 37, 66–7, 70, 75

THORACO-ABDOMINAL INJURIES, 217, 270

TOBRUK SPLINT, 29, 31, 281, 288, 295

TRENTHAM MILITARY HOSPITAL, 182, 659

TROPICAL DISEASES, 518–65 (see also MALARIA, etc.)

TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY, 588–96

• associate disabilities, 595

• in First World War, 588

• in Maoris, 591

• in Middle East, 590, 595

• in Navy, 590–1

• in prisoners of war, 471–3, 592, 596

• mass radiography, 588–90

• pensions survey, 591–6

• results of treatment, 592–4

TYPHOID FEVER, 493–6

• efficacy of TAB vaccine, 495–6

• in First World War, 493

• in Italy, 494

• in Middle East, 493–5

• phage typing, 495

TYPHUS FEVER, 557–61

• clinical features, 559–60

• control units, 560

• in First World War, 557

• in Middle East, 557–9

• in prisoners of war, 464, 470, 557

• scrub typhus in Pacific, 561

• vaccine, 559

United states army

• evacuation hospital at Cassino, 86, 148, 163

• malaria experience in Pacific, 529–30

• opinions re amputations, 315, 320

Varicocele, 424

VARICOSE VEINS, 418–24

• in First World War, 418

• in Middle East, 420

• instructions to examiners, 419–20

• intravenous injections, 418, 421

• pensions experience, 423

• recommendations for future, 423–4

• review, 422–3

• treatment, 420–1

• Trendelenberg operation, 418, 420

VASCULAR INJURIES, 324–39

• aneurysms, 325, 333–5

• arterial repair, 330–1

• evaluation of treatment, 336–7

• fasciotomy, 329–30, 337–9

• in First World War, 324–5

• in Second World War, 326

• late results, 325, 326–8

• operative treatment, 326, 335

• prevention of gas gangrene, 328–9

• secondary haemorrhage, 332–3

• statistics, 328, 339

• treatment in special centres, 335–6

• use of tourniquet, 326

VENEREAL DISEASE, 597–618

• administration, 598

• brothels, 600–1

• control, 598, 601

• in Egypt, 597, 599

• in First World War, 597

• in Italy, 604–8, 613

• in Japan, 608–10, 615

• in New Zealand, 597

• in Syria, 600

• mobile treatment centre, 602–4, 616–17

• penicillin, 605–6, 612–13

• post-armistice increase, 606–8

• prophylaxis, 600–1

• statistics, 610, 617–18

• sulphonamides, 598, 611–14

• treatment centres, 599, 601–2

• treatment of

  • gonorrhoea, 610, 612–13

  • syphilis, 611–12, 615

  • urethritis, 614

  • venereal sore, 614

War PENSIONS. See PENSIONS SURVEYS

WINNETT-ORR TREATMENT

• of fractures, 280

WOUND TREATMENT, 3–40

• antiseptics, 3, 20, 30

• blood loss, 19

  page 779

• blood transfusion, 19

• classification of wounds, 89–92

• closed plaster treatment, 10–11

• delayed primary suture, 26–7

• devitalised muscle, 3, 8, 32, 36

• different missiles, 6

• drainage, 10

• dressings, 3, 6, 9, 10, 20, 30, 31, 37, 69

• effect of transportation, 20

• excision, 5, 28, 36, 149–52

• foreign bodies, 9–10

• fractures, 252–3

• hypochlorites, 3, 25, 27

• in campaigns, 28–36

• infection, 21–5

• in First World War, 3–5

• in Italy, 33–5

• in Middle East, 28–33

• in Pacific, 36

• in Spanish War, 5–6

• invalids sent to NZ, 40

• pedicle flaps, 27

• penicillin, 13–19

• plastic repair, 27

• primary operation, 20–21

• primary suture, 25–6

• removal of skin, 32, 36

• review and evaluation, 36–9

• saline baths, 30

• secondary suture, 27

• skin grafting, 27–8, 38

• splints, 5, 6, 9, 29, 37, 66–7, 70, 75

• statistics, 40

• sulphonamides, 6, 11–13, 20–1

• types of wound, 7–8

• wound repair, 25–8

X-rays (see also RADIOGRAPHY)

• of foreign bodies, 9

• in forward operating unit, 72

• in chest injuries, 213

• in skin disease, 691, 702

• in tuberculosis disease, 588–92