§ 66.

There is a class of words which, for convenience, may be called participles. These are not regularly derived from verbs, as in European languages, but are of independent origin, though participial in meaning.

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The most important of the participles are the following:—

• ea, avenged, paid for.

• hemo, consumed.

• mahiti, spent, exhausted.

• mahu, cicatrized.

• mahue, left behind.

• mākona, satisfied.

• marara, scattered, separated.

• marū, bruised, crushed.

• matara, untied.

• mau, fixed, caught.

• mauru, quieted.

• motu, severed, broken (as cord).

• mutu, ended, cut short.

• oti, finished, completed.

• pā, struck.

• pakaru, broken, shattered.

• pau, consumed.

• peto, consumed.

• poro, cut short, truncated.

• poto, all dealt with.

• rato, provided, served.

• riro, happened, obtained, gone.

• rūpeke, all dealt with, completed, assembled.

• takoki, sprained.

• taui, sprained.

• tū, wounded.

• ū, established, fixed.

• whara, struck.

• whati, broken (as a stick).

These Participles are treated as neuter verbs, as also are adjectives, when they do not express the intrinsic or essential quality of a thing. It will be seen by the following example of the adjective ora, well, in health, that the notion of becoming, which is peculiarly characteristic of the inceptive, appears also in some of the other tenses.

The imperfect tense with e..ana is not used with participles, all of which imply a completed condition.