§ 69.

Construction with Adjectives and Participles. — Adjectives and Participles, and their derivative nouns are followed by the preposition i, by (not e, which belongs only to passive verbs), to denote the agency or instrumentality by which the effect has been or is to be produced.

Examples.

• Kua ora ahau i tau rongoa, I have become well by means of your medicine.

• Ka pau tana kai i te kuri, his food is consumed by the dog.

• Tona mahuetanga i a ratou [the circumstance of] his being left by them.